技术变化方向异性和全要素生产率——来自中国制造业信息化的证据  

Directional Heterogeneity of Technological Change and the Total Factor Productivity: Evidence from China’s Manufacturing Informatization

作　　者：左晖[1] 艾丹祥[2] Zuo Hui;Ai Danxiang(School of Economics and Commerce,Guangdong University of Technology;School of Management,Guangdong University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学经济与贸易学院 [2]广东工业大学管理学院

出　　处：《管理世界》2022年第8期132-155,共24页Journal of Management World

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(17YJC790216);广东省自然科学基金项目(2018A030313082)的资助。

摘　　要：在全球经济存量竞争加剧和中国经济进入新发展阶段的双重背景下,提高全要素生产率对中国制造业高质量发展意义重大。本文将三要素双层嵌套型不变弹性生产函数和技术变化方向特征同时纳入新古典增长模型,核算均衡路径中的全要素生产率,重点研究以信息技术资本为中心的技术变化方向异性结构,及其对全要素生产率的影响机制,并采用2000~2016年中国制造业数据进行效果估计和交叉稳健性检验。结果表明:(1)技术变化方向异性和全要素生产率正相关,而中国制造业技术变化方向异性负向扩大,阻碍了全要素生产率增长;(2)技术变化方向异性负向扩大与要素增进型技术进步阶梯结构密切相关,信息技术资本的相对增进型技术进步处于不利于全要素生产率的陷阱区域;(3)制造业信息化中存在对劳动增进型技术进步的“倒逼”机制,诱导技术变化方向异性进一步负向扩大并阻碍全要素生产率增长;(4)技术变化方向异性和资本结构匹配性上升,促进制造业全要素生产率增长,但信息技术资本不合理深化减弱了该效应。本文研究结果为制造业信息化深入发展和竞争力提升提供了理论支撑与政策建议。Under the background of global economic existing market competition and China’s economy entering the new stage of development, improving the TFP is important to the high-quality development of China’s manufacturing. In the paper, we incorporate the nested threefactor CES production function and the technological change direction into the neoclassical growth model and analyze the TFP of China’s manufacturing in equilibrium. Following that we investigate IT capital centered directional heterogeneity of technological change as well as their effects on the TFP. Using China’s manufacturing data from 2000 to 2016, we estimate the directional heterogeneity’s effects on TFP with cross robustness tests. The major findings include that:(1) Directional heterogeneity of technological change is positively correlated with the TFP.Nevertheless, its adverse expansion in China’s manufacturing hinders the TFP growth.(2) The expansion of directional heterogeneity is closely related to the staggered structure of the factor-augmenting technological progress. There is a pitfall range which adversely affects the TFP.(3)The informatization drives the relative factor-augmenting technological change to run against capital, which exacerbates the adverse directional heterogeneity and encumbers the China’s manufacturing TFP growth.(4) The coordination of technological change directional heterogeneity and the capital structure promotes the China’s manufacturing TFP, but the undue IT deepening lessens the above effects. The paper sheds light on the directional heterogeneity of technological change research with some novel viewpoints and evidence. It also provides the policy-improving suggestions for China’s manufacturing informatization and competitiveness promotion.

关 键 词：技术变化方向异性 全要素生产率 制造业信息化 三要素双层嵌套型CES函数 数字化 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F224F424