小说《切尔诺贝利的回忆:核灾难口述史》叙事的现象学解读  

A Phenomenological Interpretation of the Novel Voices from Chernobyl: The Oral History of a Nuclear Disaster and Its Narrative

作　　者：刁科梅[1] 屈凡恺 Diao Kemei;Qu Fankai(School of Foreign Languages of Hainan University,Haikou,China,570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学外国语学院

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2022年第2期95-101,共7页Contemporary Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“俄罗斯东正教会与君士坦丁堡东正教会关系研究”(20BZJ029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：阿列克谢耶维奇的小说《切尔诺贝利的回忆:核灾难口述史》是一部纪实性文学作品,以非虚构的方式来反映现实生活,其叙事与一般虚构小说不同,带有明显的现象学特征:叙事呈“原真还原”和“交互主体性”相呼应的双层样式。“原真还原”叙事以描述性语言,现象学“悬搁”、“回忆”、“联想”的方式,达到还原核灾难事件的目的;“交互主体性”叙事以小说人物与读者之间形成的“交互主体性”关系,以及人物与人物之间的平等对话关系,实现对核灾难事件还原的深化。上述两层现象学叙事最终都指向对核灾难事件进行现象学性质的反思。Alexievich’s Voices from Chernobyl: The Oral History of a Nuclear Disaster is a documentary literary work that reflects real life in a non-fictional way. Different from ordinary novels, Alexievich’s narrative contains obvious phenomenological characteristics: the narrative is written in a layered style echoing “original truth restoration” and “interactive subjectivity”. The narrative of “original truth restoration” uses descriptive language and phenomenological methods of “suspension”, “memory” and “association” to achieve the purpose of restoring the event of the nuclear disaster;the narrative of “interactive subjectivity” strengthens the restoration of the nuclear disaster through the relationship of “interactive subjectivity” formed between the characters and readers, and through the relationship between the characters, one of egalitarian dialogue. The significance of the novel’s narration is to reflect on the phenomenological nature of the nuclear disaster.

关 键 词：《切尔诺贝利的回忆:核灾难口述史》 阿列克谢耶维奇 叙事 现象学 

分 类 号：I511.407.4[文学—其他各国文学]