普及化阶段高等教育产品属性与市场化分析  

Goods’Nature and Marketization Analysis of Higher Education in the Universalization Stage

作　　者：谭小芳[1] 冯珂珂 TAN Xiao-fang;FENG Ke-ke(Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《民族高等教育研究》2022年第4期30-40,共11页Research on Higher Education of Nationalities

基　　金：2021年辽宁省教育厅项目(项目编号:LJKR0019);2021年大连海事大学发展战略与高等教育研究课题(项目编号:202107)的阶段研究成果。

摘　　要：市场化充分调动多方资源,支持高等教育从精英化到大众化再到普及化,对提升高等教育的资源配置效率发挥了重要的作用。在普及化阶段,高等教育不再符合传统经济学框架下混合产品的界定,更多地体现为位置产品的特点。位置产品内在的双重竞争性和双重排他性特征,决定了高等教育按照混合产品的性质组织生产与消费,必然存在搭便车或过度竞争的结果;高等教育发展的现状验证了高等教育市场化的结果与效率。最后,从位置产品的特点提出高等教育市场化的进一步探索方向。Marketization fully accesses various resources to support higher education from elitism to popularization and then to universalization,which plays an extremely important role in improving the resource allocation efficiency of higher education.In the universalization stage,higher education is no longer in line with the definition of mixed goods under the traditional economic framework,but more reflected the characteristics of positional goods.According to the characteristics of dual competition and dual exclusiveness of positional goods,this paper analyzes that higher education organizes production and consumption according to the nature of mixed goods,which inevitably results in free riding or excessive competition;and analyses the results and efficiency of higher education marketization.Finally,from the characteristics of positional goods,the further exploration direction of higher education marketization is put forward.

关 键 词：高等教育 市场化 位置产品 

分 类 号：G646[文化科学—高等教育学]