鹿角药物基源的本草考证  

Herbal textual research on the basic source of antler drugs

作　　者：刘立伟 崔鑫 李玉坤 刘阳 李强[1] 范逸品[1] 于大猛[1] LIU Liwei;CUI Xin;LI Yukun;LIU Yang;LI Qiang;FAN Yipin;YU Dameng(Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700 [2]中国医史文献研究所

出　　处：《环球中医药》2022年第8期1363-1368,共6页Global Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家出版基金重点项目(基金办(2015)7号);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZZ11-109)。

摘　　要：通过查阅本草文献从名称、形态、鹿图、角形、产地等方面进行基源考证。结果表明鹿角基源在宋代有梅花鹿(Cervus nippon)、麋鹿(Elaphurus davidanus)、驼鹿(Alces),但宋代驼鹿未见大规模使用,从产地初判梅花鹿为四川亚种(Cervus nippon sichuanicus)、东北亚种(Cervus nippon dybowskii)、华南亚种(Cervus nippon kopschi);马鹿作为鹿角药物出现的时间应在宋元时期,清代本草文献将马鹿鹿角、梅花鹿鹿角作为主流使用。近代,各地资源及用药习惯不同导致地方中药将驼鹿角、水鹿角、驯鹿角、白唇鹿角、狍角入药,建议明确不同鹿种的成分差异。By consulting the herbal literature,the basic source of antler drugs was verified from the aspects of name,shape,deer map,horn shape,origin and so on.The results showed that there were Sika DeerCervus nippon,elk Elaphurus davidanus and mooseAlcesin theSongDynasty,but there was no large-scale use of moose in theSongDynasty.It was preliminarily judged that sika deer were theSichuan subspeciesCervus nipponsichuanicus,northeast subspeciesCervus nippon dybowskiiand the South China subspeciesCervus nipponkopschi.The appearance of red deer as antler medicine should be in theSongand YuanDynasties.Red deer antlers and sika deer antlers were used as the mainstream in the herbal literature of theQingDynasty.In modern times,local resources and medication habits were different,which led to the use of moose antlers,water antlers,Reindeer Antlers,white lip antlers and roe deer antlers in local traditional Chinese medicine.It is suggested to clarify the composition differences of deer species.

关 键 词：梅花鹿 马鹿 麋鹿 驼鹿 白唇鹿 驯鹿 基源 本草考证 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]