ICU护理人员共情疲劳现状及影响因素分析  

Status and influencing factors of empathy fatigue among ICU nurses

作　　者：杨杰[1] 王建刚[1] 郑喜胜[1] Yang Jie;Wang Jiangang;Zheng Xisheng(Comprehensive Intensive Care Unit,Nanyang Central Hospital,Nanyang 473000,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳市中心医院综合ICU,南阳473000

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2022年第22期3025-3028,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目 (LHGJ20200906)。

摘　　要：目的调查ICU护理人员共情疲劳现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,于2021年5月选取南阳市11所二级医院、5所三级医院的300名ICU护理人员为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、中文版共情疲劳简短量表、第2版护士工作相关生活质量量表、领悟社会支持量表对护理人员进行调查。采用Pearson相关性分析探讨共情疲劳与其他变量的相关性。本研究共发放问卷300份,回收有效问卷292份,有效回收率为97.33%(292/300)。结果292名ICU护理人员中文版共情疲劳简短量表得分为(48.37±10.21)分。单因素分析结果显示,不同学历、婚姻状况、平均年假天数、用工性质、每月夜班天数的ICU护理人员中文版共情疲劳简短量表得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,第2版护士工作相关生活质量量表总分与中文版共情疲劳简短量表总分呈负相关(P<0.05);领悟社会支持量表总分及各维度得分与共中文版共情疲劳简短量表总分均呈负相关(均P<0.05)。结论ICU护理人员共情疲劳水平较高,工作相关生活质量、领悟社会支持与ICU护理人员共情疲劳有关,且受护理人员的学历、婚姻状况、平均年假天数、用工性质及每月夜班天数等因素影响。医院护理管理者应针对共情疲劳影响因素开展个性化预防措施,提高ICU护理人员的工作相关生活质量,并帮其建立有效的社会支持系统,从而降低ICU护理人员的共情疲劳水平。Objective To explore the status of empathy fatigue among Intensive Care Unit(ICU)nurses and analyze its influencing factors.Methods In May 2021,convenience sampling was used to select 300 ICU nurses from 11 ClassⅡhospitals and 5 ClassⅢhospitals in Nanyang as the research object.Nurses were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire,Chinese version of Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale,the second version of the Nurse Work-related Quality of Life Scale,and the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS).Pearson correlation was used to explore the relationship between empathy fatigue and other variables.A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed,and 292 valid questionnaires were recovered,with a valid recovery rate of 97.33%(292/300).Results Among 292 ICU nurses,the Chinese version of the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale was scored as(48.37±10.21).Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of the Chinese version of the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale for ICU nurses with different educational backgrounds,marital status,average annual leave days,employment nature,and monthly night shift days(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the second version of Nurse Work-related Quality of Life Scale total score was negatively correlated with the total score of the Chinese version of the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale(P<0.05).The total score of PSSS and the scores of each dimension were negatively correlated with the total score of the Chinese version of the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale(P<0.05).Conclusions ICU nurses have high levels of empathy fatigue.Empathy fatigue was related to work-related quality of life and perceived social support among ICU nurses,and was affected by the nurses'educational background,marital status,average annual leave days,employment nature,and monthly night shift days.Nursing managers should carry out individualized preventive measures according to the influencing factors of empathy fatigue,improve the work-related quality of life

关 键 词：重症监护病房 护理人员 共情疲劳 工作相关生活质量 社会支持 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]