山东省2016-2020年蜚蠊监测分析  

Surveillance report of cockroaches in Shandong province,China,2016-2020

作　　者：王学军[1] 孙钦同 亓宗宝 刘文杰[1] 李先威 刘峰[1] WANG Xue-jun;SUN Qin-tong;QI Zong-bao;LIU Wen-jie;LI Xian-wei;LIU Feng(Institute for Disinfection&Vector Borne Disease Control/Equipment and Material Management Department,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ji’nan,Shandong 250014,China;Qingzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingzhou,Shandong 262500,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心消毒与病媒生物防制所/设备与物资管理部,山东济南250014 [2]青州市疾病预防控制中心,山东青州262500

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2022年第4期525-529,共5页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(202012051157);山东省人文社会科学课题(2021-ZXJK-17)。

摘　　要：目的了解近年来山东省蜚蠊种类构成、密度、侵害率、季节消长等情况,分析蜚蠊粘捕法的监测结果,为蜚蠊防控提供科学依据。方法收集整理2016-2020年山东省蜚蠊监测数据,采用Excel 2010、R 3.6.0软件对蜚蠊监测数据进行分析,ArcGIS 10.3软件绘制监测点分布图。结果2016-2020年全省共捕获蜚蠊22846只,德国小蠊占捕获总数的99.49%,为优势种,平均密度为0.47只/张,平均侵害率为5.84%。蜚蠊的侵害率呈逐年下降趋势,Cochran-Armitage趋势性检验差异有统计学意义(Z=-13.011,P<0.001),2017年出现1个小高峰。以餐饮行业蜚蠊侵害率最高,为9.83%;超市密度最高,为0.92只/张;宾馆的侵害率和密度均最低,分别为4.30%和0.21只/张。7-9月是蜚蠊密度高峰期,7月蜚蠊侵害率较高。不同生境侵害率、密度高峰期不完全一致。结论德国小蠊是山东省蜚蠊优势种,超市和餐饮行业是蜚蠊防控的重点场所,应结合不同生境蜚蠊侵害率和密度的季节消长趋势,在高峰期来临前采取综合防控措施,以达到降低蜚蠊密度和控制疾病的目的。Objective To investigate the species composition,density,infestation rate,and seasonal variation of cockroaches in Shandong province,China,2016-2020,to analyze the surveillance data of cockroaches captured by the sticky trap method,and to provide a scientific basis for cockroach prevention and control.Methods The surveillance data of cockroaches in Shandong province,2016-2020 were collected and analyzed using Excel 2010 and R 3.6.0 softwares,and the distribution of monitoring sites was mapped using ArcGIS 10.3 software.Results From 2016 to 2020,a total of 22846 cockroaches were captured in Shandong province,with Blattella germanica(99.49%)as the dominant species.The average total density was 0.47 cockroaches/sheet and the average infestation rate was 5.84%.The Cochran-Armitage trend test showed that the infestation rate of cockroaches statistically decreased over the years(Z=-13.011,P<0.001),but a small peak appeared in 2017.The infestation rate was highest in catering industry(9.83%),and the density was highest in supermarkets(0.92 cockroaches/sheet).Hotels showed the lowest cockroach infestation rate(4.30%)and density(0.21 cockroaches/sheet).The total cockroach density was high in July to September and peaked in July.The peak periods of infestation rate and density varied in different habitats.Conclusion B.germanica was the dominant species of cockroaches in Shandong province.Supermarkets and catering facilities are the prioritized places for cockroach control.Based on the seasonal variations of cockroach infestation rate and density in different habitats,integrated control measures should be taken before the peak periods to reduce cockroach density and its related diseases.

关 键 词：蜚蠊 密度 侵害率 监测 

分 类 号：R384.9[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]