电化学镀镍对PAN基高模量碳纤维结构及性能的影响  

Effect of electrochemical nickel plating on structure and properties of PAN-based high modulus carbon fibers

作　　者：钱鑫 韩卫东 马洪波 张永刚 QIAN Xin;HAN Wei-dong;MA Hong-bo;ZHANG Yong-gang(National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Preparation,Ningbo Institute of Material Technology&Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所碳纤维制备技术国家工程实验室,宁波315201

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2022年第6期1708-1718,共11页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：宁波市自然科学基金资助项目(202003N4027);宁波市科技创新2025重大专项(2019B10091);中科院先导专项(XDA17020405);浙江省重点研发计划资助项目(2021C01004)。

摘　　要：采用电化学镀镍方法对PAN基高模量碳纤维表面进行处理,使用SEM、SPM、XPS研究了处理前后纤维表面结构演变规律,并分析了镀镍处理对纤维力学性能的影响。结果显示,镀镍处理前进行HNO_(3)处理可使纤维表面初始沟槽结构变得均匀,并有助于纤维表面镀镍;与HNO_(3)处理纤维相比,经过3 min、6 min电化学镀镍处理后,碳纤维直径分别提高了5.4%、26.2%,且处理后纤维表面出现明显金属镍颗粒;通过对镀镍纤维表面化学结构分析,表面镍元素主要以Ni(OH)_(2)、NiO和金属Ni颗粒形式存在;随着镍层厚度增加,纤维表面缺陷得以改善,因而镀镍高模量碳纤维的力学性能相比HNO_(3)处理的样品出现一定幅度的提升。Electrochemical nickel plating was conducted on the surfaces of PAN-based high modulus carbon fibers.The evolutions of physical and chemical structures of the fiber surface before and after treatment were studied by SEM,SPM and XPS.The effects of nickel plating process on the mechanical properties of the fiber were also analyzed.The results show that the HNO_(3) treatment prior to nickel plating can make the initial groove structure of fiber surface more uniform,which is beneficial to the nickel plating on the fiber surface.Compared with HNO_(3) treated fibers,the diameters of Ni-plated carbon fibers increases by 5.4%and 26.2%,respectively.After electrochemical plating treatments of 3 min and 6 min,there are nickel particles obviously shown up on the fiber surfaces.The nickel element on the fiber surface mainly exists in the form of Ni(OH)_(2),NiO and Ni particles.With the increase of nickel layer thickness,the defects of the fiber surface are improved,and the mechanical properties of nickel-plated fibers reveal a certain extent increases compared with those of HNO_(3) treated samples.

关 键 词：高模量碳纤维 电化学镀镍 直径 化学结构 

分 类 号：TQ342[化学工程—化纤工业]