甲烷作用下红土镍矿中铁镍氧化物的反应行为  

Reaction behavior of iron and nickel oxides in laterite nickel ore under action of methane

作　　者：刘兴阳 刘守军[1,2,3] 杨颂 陈亮宇[3,4] 李晋 齐升 LIU Xing-yang;LIU Shou-jun;YANG Song;CHEN Liang-yu;LI Jin;QI Sheng(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Key Laboratory for Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Shanxi Engineering Center of Civil Clean Fuel,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Taiyuan Green Coke Energy Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学化学化工学院,太原030024 [2]太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室,太原030024 [3]山西省民用洁净燃料工程研究中心,太原030024 [4]太原科瑞康洁净能源有限公司,太原030006

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2022年第6期1759-1771,共13页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21878210);山西省专利推广实施计划资助(20200719)。

摘　　要：以氢气(H_(2))和甲烷(CH_(4))等为还原剂的气基冶炼,对于解决传统冶金行业所面临的“双碳”问题意义重大。以红土镍矿为研究对象,在不同还原温度、还原时间、气体浓度等条件下,探讨了CH_(4)与红土镍矿中铁镍氧化物的还原行为。并结合XRD、SEM-EDS、气相色谱等表征手段,对红土镍矿及其焙烧产物物相和形貌等进行了深入分析。结果表明:当还原温度为900℃、还原时间为60 min、CH_(4)浓度为50%时,可获得镍品位为3.06%、回收率为52.09%的精矿。精矿中镍品位和回收率较低的原因主要是由于NiO的还原不彻底,即尾矿中仍有大量的镍存于硅酸盐中;以及部分还原后的镍铁合金晶粒过细,易流失于尾矿与滤液中。CH_(4)与红土镍矿的还原过程是在低温下缓慢进行;在高温(900℃)时部分CH_(4)裂解产生H_(2)和炭黑,而主要的还原反应是在CH_(4)和H_(2)的协同作用下进行。The gas-based smelting mainly based on H_(2) and CH_(4) is of great significance for solving the"Dual carbon"problem faced by the traditional metallurgical industry.In this paper,the laterite nickel ore is the research object,under the conditions of different reduction temperature,reduction time and gas concentration,the reduction behavior of CH_(4) with iron-nickel oxide in laterite nickel ore was discussed.Combined with XRD,SEM-EDS,gas chromatography and other characterization methods,the phases and morphologies of laterite nickel ore and its calcined products were analyzed in depth.The results show that,under the conditions of reduction temperature of 900℃,reduction time of 60 min and CH_(4) concentration of 50%,the grade of nickel concentrate obtained is 3.06%and the recovery rate is 52.09%.The reasons for the low grade and recovery rate of nickel concentrate are as following:the reduction of NiO is not complete,there is still a large amount of nickel in the silicate of the tailings.A part of the reduced nickel-iron alloy is too fine,so it is lost easily in the tailings and filtrate.The reduction process of CH_(4) is slow at low temperature,and a part of CH_(4) cracks at high temperature(900℃)to produce H_(2) and carbon black.The main reduction reaction is carried out under the synergistic effect of CH_(4) and H_(2).

关 键 词：红土镍矿 甲烷 还原行为 铁镍合金 晶粒 

分 类 号：TD982[矿业工程—选矿]