基于同步辐射和中子衍射分析的金属增材制造关键共性问题研究进展  

Review on Key Common Technologies of Metal Additive Manufacturing Based on Synchrotron Radiation and Neutron Diffraction Analysis

作　　者：张楠 王淼辉[1] 张书彦 葛学元 张平 李静 张志豪 Zhang Nan;Wang Miaohui;Zhang Shuyan;Ge Xueyuan;Zhang Ping;Li Jing;Zhang Zhihao(Beijing National Innovation Institute of Lightweight LTD,Beijing 100083,China;Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials,Dongguan 523808,China;University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司,北京100083 [2]东莞材料基因高等理工研究院,广东东莞523808 [3]北京科技大学,北京100083

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2022年第7期2698-2708,共11页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975240);广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(2020B0301030001)。

摘　　要：金属增材制造技术具有“微区超常冶金”和“激冷快速凝固”的本征属性。实现动态监测和控制增材制造过程中缺陷、应力和组织的演化,是该领域国际前沿研究的难点和热点。本文从航空、航天及汽车等领域中金属增材制造的关键共性问题入手,阐述了同步辐射和中子衍射2种方法在金属增材制造中的冶金动力学及内部缺陷原位分析,液态金属超常凝固,微观组织及相变过程,内应力的形成及演化行为的研究进展。最后,阐述了研究不足,并展望了金属增材制造的未来发展。The metal additive manufacturing technology has the intrinsic characteristics of “micro-area super-metallurgy” and “rapid cooling & solidification”. Realizing the dynamic monitoring and control of the evolution of defects, stress and organization in the additive manufacturing process is currently the difficulty and hotspot of the international frontier research in this field. In this paper, starting from the key common problems of metal additive manufacturing in the fields of aeronautical & space and automobile, the research progress of metal additive manufacturing, based on two methods of synchrotron radiation and neutron diffraction, showed in the following aspects:metallurgical dynamics in metal additive manufacturing and in-situ analysis of its internal defects, super conventional solidification of liquid metal, microstructure and phase transition process, formation and evolution of internal stress. Subsequently, the deficiencies of the research progress were explained, and the future development of metal additive manufacturing was prospected.

关 键 词：增材制造 同步辐射 中子衍射 

分 类 号：TB31[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]