人工饲养鳄蜥的潜水行为及影响因素  

Diving Behavior and Its Influencing Factors of Captive-reared Crocodile Lizard(Shinisaurus crocodilurus)

作　　者：刘亚婷 谭茵 唐三淇 罗树毅 何家松 秦旭东 武正军[1] LIU Ya-Ting;TAN Yin;TANG San-Qi;LUO Shu-Yi;HE Jia-Song;QIN Xu-Dong;WU Zheng-Jun(Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection,Ministry of Education,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006;Guangxi Daguishan Crocodile Lizard National Nature Reserve,Hezhou 542824,China)

机构地区：[1]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,广西珍稀濒危动物生态学重点实验室,广西师范大学,桂林541006 [2]广西大桂山鳄蜥国家级自然保护区,贺州542824

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2022年第4期493-502,共10页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31760623,No.32160131);广西大桂山鳄蜥国家级自然保护区管理中心项目。

摘　　要：性能是有机体完成某些生态相关任务的定量指标,自愿潜水的最长潜水持续时长是量化潜水性能的重要指标。鳄蜥(Shinisaurus crocodilurus)作为一种濒危的半水生蜥蜴,常将潜水行为作为避敌策略。2021年7至8月,人为干扰(不直接触碰)广西大桂山鳄蜥国家级自然保护区人工饲养的鳄蜥,摄像记录其相应的潜水行为,利用Pearson相关分析、单因素方差分析、一般线性模型、一元线性回归及逐步回归5种方法分析了25只亚成体、19只成体雌性、17只成体雄性共61只人工饲养鳄蜥的潜水行为及影响因素。结果表明,人工饲养鳄蜥的潜水行为具有可重复性。不同性别和年龄的人工饲养鳄蜥的最长潜水持续时长没有差异,人工饲养鳄蜥潜水时的行为不影响其最长潜水持续时长,温度也不影响人工饲养鳄蜥的最长潜水持续时长。人工饲养鳄蜥的最长潜水持续时长与尾长、尾部体积呈负相关,与尾部损失呈正相关。本研究结果表明,人工饲养鳄蜥的潜水性能受到尾部特征的影响,潜水性能和游泳性能之间可能发生了权衡。[Objectives]Measures of animal performance can be used to quantify the ability of an individual to perform specific activities,and the maximum dive duration for voluntary diving is an important measure of dive performance.In addition,repeatability is the most widely used metric for assessing the consistency of behavior.The Crocodile Lizard(Shinisaurus crocodilurus)is an endangered semi-aquatic lizard and often uses diving behavior as a strategy to avoid enemies.In this study,we took captive-reared Crocodile Lizards as studying objects to test how their maximum dive duration and its influencing factors.[Methods]From July 2021 until August 2021,captive-reared Crocodile Lizards in Daguishan Nature Reserve,Guangxi,China,were artificially disturbed(not directly touched)and their corresponding diving behaviors were recorded on camera.We read the maximum diving duration and behavioral characteristics(whether they move and close to stones)of captive-reared Crocodile Lizards through video.The influencing factors of diving behavior include morphological characteristics(variables in Table 1),behavioral characteristics and environmental factors(dive time,ambient temperature and water temperature).A total of 61 captive-reared Crocodile Lizards(25 sub-adults,19 females,17 males)participated in the analysis.Then,to test the repeatability of the diving duration of Crocodile Lizard,we tested for the presence of correlations within an individual for dive duration across the three dive trials using Pearson's correlation coefficients and adjusted using sequential Bonferroni adjustments.More,a general linear model was also used to analyze whether environmental factors(air temperature and water temperature)had an effect on the maximum dive duration of Crocodile Lizards,with the dive time period used as a covariate.Based on the results of the analysis of environmental factors,we employed the analysis of variance(ANOVA)to analyze the relationship of behavioral characteristics,groupings(sub-adult,male and female)with the maximum dive dur

关 键 词：鳄蜥 潜水时长 潜水性能 人工饲养 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]