园艺植物性别决定的表观遗传机制研究进展  

Research Progress on the Epigenetic Mechanisms of Sex Determination in Horticultural Plants

作　　者：杨琳琳 黄云彤 付泽元 徐启江 YANG Linlin;HUANG Yuntong;FU Zeyuan;XU Qijiang(Key Laboratory of Northeast Saline-Alkaline Vegetation Restoration and Reconstruction of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;School of Laboratory Medicine,Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities,Baise,Guagnxi 533000,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生命科学学院,东北盐碱植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [2]右江民族医学院医学检验学院,广西百色533000

出　　处：《园艺学报》2022年第7期1602-1610,共9页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目(2020LZGC006);黑龙江省自然科学基金面上项目(C2018002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572020DY15);山东省现代农业(蔬菜)产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-04-03);百色市本级科技计划项目(20210443)。

摘　　要：在被子植物中,花分为两性花和单性花两种类型,而单性花又有雌雄异花同株和雌雄异株之分。在单性花性别分化过程中,性别决定涉及多种调节机制,其中表观遗传机制发挥重要的作用。本文中综述了DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰以及microRNA等表观遗传机制在园艺植物性别决定方面的作用以及表观调控通过调节植物激素影响植物性别和花器官发育的研究进展,并对今后相关研究进行展望。The flowers of angiosperm plants are classified into hermaphroditic and unisexual flowers.Some species having both male and female flowers on the same plant(monoecious),and some species having only one type of unisexual flower per plant(dioecious).Flowering plants initiate sex differentiation during the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth.During sex differentiation of unisexual flowers plants,many studies have demonstrated a variety of mechanisms that determine whether an inflorescence develops as male or female flower.Recently,multiple epigenetic mechanisms,such as DNA methylation,histone modification and microRNA,etc.have been shown function in regulating plant sex determination.In this review,how epigenetic mechanisms—including DNA methylation,histone modification,and diverse microRNAs—function in sex determination of flowers were described in horticultural plants,and they regulates plant sex and floral organ development via plant hormones.At last,the epigenetic mechanism of sex determination was discussed in horticultural crops.

关 键 词：园艺植物 单性花 性别决定 表观遗传 

分 类 号：Q37[生物学—遗传学]