北京市某城区和张家口崇礼地区食品甲基对硫磷的暴露评估  

Exposure assessment of food methyl parathion in an urban area of Beijing and Chongli area of Zhangjiakou

作　　者：韩高超 张国艳 敬海明[1,2] 韩逸陶 李楠 宋雁 张磊 罗菲 刘钊 李子南[1,2] 张文静 齐丽娟[1] 杜宏举[1] 聂燕敏[1] 谭壮生[1] 宁钧宇[1,2] 高珊[1] 娄云[1] 李国君[1,2] HAN Gao-chao;ZHANG Guo-yan;JING Hai-ming;HAN Yi-tao;LI Nan;SONG Yan;ZHANG Lei;LUO Fei;LIU Zhao;LI Zi-nan;ZHANG Wen-jing;QI Li-juan;DU Hong-ju;NIE Yan-min;TAN Zhuang-sheng;NING Jun-yu;GAO Shan;LOU Yun;LI Guo-jun(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning,Beijing 100013 China;School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069 China;Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration,Beijing 100037 China;China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100022 China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心食物中毒诊断溯源技术北京市重点实验室,北京100013 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [3]国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院,北京100037 [4]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100022

出　　处：《毒理学杂志》2022年第3期213-217,230,共6页Journal of Toxicology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(#2018YFC1602703);北京市科技计划课题(#Z201100008920005);公益院所课题(#1-1-2-2-yjzx-5-3-3)。

摘　　要：目的预先评估北京某城区和张家口崇礼地区主要食品中甲基对硫磷(Methyl Parathion,MP)暴露水平及可能存在的健康风险,为2022北京冬奥会及北京市居民食品安全风险评估和安全保障提供部分参考依据。方法在对MP进行危害评估和限量标准分析的基础上,采用北京市某城区和张家口崇礼地区2019~2020年现场采样调查数据,结合2018年北京市主要食品消费量调查数据,运用点评估的方法,评估MP的膳食暴露风险。结果北京市某城区和张家口崇礼地区各类食品中MP总体平均含量为0.0018 mg/kg,总体超标率为0.86%。北京市居民通过主要食品摄入MP的平均暴露量为0.0247μg/kg·bw/d,低于每日允许摄入量(ADI)0.003 mg/kg·bw。蔬菜、水果和粮谷类食品是膳食MP的主要暴露来源,按照GB 2763—2021《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》中MP的残留限量标准进行评估,摄入这些食品的MP理论暴露量均未超过ADI。水果、蔬菜和粮谷类的推算关注阈值(LOC)在0.6~0.8 mg/kg之间,豆类的推算LOC在8.0~9.0 mg/kg之间,均大于国标规定的最大残留限量值。结论预评估结果提示,北京某城区和张家口崇礼地区主要食品MP暴露的健康风险总体处于可接受水平,暂可不予以优先关注。Objective To evaluate the exposure level and possible health risks of methyl parathion(MP)in main foods in an urban area of Beijing and Chongli area of Zhangjiakou,and to provide some reference for food safety risk assessment and safety assurance for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and Beijing residents.Methods Based on the hazard assessment and limit standard analysis of MP,the point assessment method is used to assess the dietary exposure risk of MP.The 2019-2020 on-site sampling survey data of an urban area of Beijing and Zhangjiakou Chongli area and the 2018 Beijing main food consumption survey data were used in this pre-assessment.Results The overall average content of MP in various foods was 0.0018 mg/kg,and the overall over-standard rate was 0.86%.The average exposure of Beijing residents to MP through the main food is 0.0247μg/kg·bw/d,which is much lower than the acceptable daily intake(ADI)of MP 0.003 mg/kg·bw.In addition,vegetables,fruits,and cereals are the main sources of dietary MP exposure.According to the current limit of MP in GB 2763-2021《National food safety standard-Maximum residue limits for pesticides in food》,the theoretical exposure to methyl parathion of these types of food does not exceed the ADI.The estimated LOC of fruits,vegetables and cereals is between 0.6 mg/kg and 0.8 mg/kg,and the estimated LOC of beans is between 8.0 mg/kg and 9.0 mg/kg,and they are all greater than the maximum limit value stipulated by the national standard.Conclusion The result of the pre-assessment suggests that the health risks of MP exposure to major foods in a certain urban area of Beijing and the Chongli area of Zhangjiakou are generally at an acceptable level,and they may not be given priority attention for the time being.

关 键 词：北京 甲基对硫磷 暴露评估 风险评估 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学] R99[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]