新疆8所养老机构养护对象生命质量评价及影响因素分析  

Evaluation on life quality of caring objects in eight elderly care institutions in Xinjiang and analysis on influencing factors

作　　者：艾柯凯提·库尔班 谢慧玲[1] Aikekaiti·Kuerban;XIE Hui-ling(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第14期1936-1940,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区社会科学基金项目(21BGL113);新疆维吾尔自治区自然基金面上项目(2017D01C184)。

摘　　要：目的 了解新疆8所养老机构养护对象的生命质量及其影响因素。方法 2019年6月—2021年3月采用欧洲生存质量量表(Euro quality five-dimensional questionnaire,EQ-5D)运用方便抽样的方法对新疆8所养老机构499名养护对象进行深入访谈和问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 共调查499名养护对象,其EQ-5D得分M(P,P)为0.549(0.409,0.812)分,视觉模拟刻度尺(European quality-visual analoy scale,EQ-VAS)得分为4.000(3.000,4.000)分。不同婚姻状况、文化程度、收入水平、来机构养老意愿的养护对象生命质量评分比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),处于在婚状态、小学学历、收入水平在3 999~5 000元的养护对象生命质量指数处于良好状态。文化程度、婚姻状况是行动能力、自我照顾、日常活动、疼痛/不适及焦虑/抑郁维度的危险因素(均P<0.05);来机构养老的意愿是自我照顾、日常活动及疼痛/不适维度的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论 应加强对养老机构的监督管理及建设,关注老年人的身心健康,为老年人建立健康档案,定期进行健康指导,提高其生命质量水平。Objective To understand the life quality of caring objects in eight elderly care institutions in Xinjiang and its influencing factors. Methods From June 2019 to March 2021,499 caring objects were collected from eight elderly care institutions by convenient sampling method,and the in-depth interviews and questionnaire investigation were performed by using the European quality five dimensional questionnaire(EQ-5D). Results A total of 499 caring objects were investigated,and their EQ-5D score[M(P,P)] was 0.549(0.409,0.812)points,while the European quality-visual analoy scale(EQ-VAS) score was4.000(3.000,4.000)points.There were statistically significant differences in the scores of quality of life among caring objects with different marital status,education level,income level and willingness to provide for the aged in institutions(all P<0.05). The life quality index of the caring objects who are married,have primary school education and have an income of 3 999-5 000 yuan is in good condition. The education level and marital status were the risk factors of action ability,self-care,daily activities,pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression(all P<0.05). The willingness to provide for the aged in institutions was the risk factor of self-care,daily activities and pain/discomfort(all P <0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the supervision,management and construction of elderly care institutions,pay attention to the physical and mental health of the elderly,establish health records for the elderly,and provide regular health guidance to improve their quality of life.

关 键 词：生命质量评价 养老机构 养老意愿 收入水平 

分 类 号：R181.3+9[医药卫生—流行病学]