改性海藻酸钙-壳聚糖微球包膜缓释肥的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and property of modified U@s-Alg-CS microspheres coated sustained-release fertilizer

作　　者：李沁园 谢鑫 贾露凡 石美玲 孟涛[1] Li Qinyuan;Xie Xin;Jia Lufan;Shi Meiling;Meng Tao(School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学生命科学与工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2022年第7期250-255,共6页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2021YFN0129)。

摘　　要：为提高尿素化肥的缓释能力,解决其在盐溶液中易溶胀的问题,以天然高分子物质海藻酸钠(Alg)和壳聚糖(CS)作为载体对尿素进行封装,采用烷基硅烷的改性方式制备毫米级疏水海藻酸钙-壳聚糖微球(U@s-Alg-CS)。通过接触角测试、红外光谱分析、扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱分析、静水释放实验和溶胀实验等手段研究了改性U@s-Alg-CS微球的结构和性能。结果表明:改性U@s-Alg-CS微球表面硅烷改性成功,疏水性良好,接触角为136°;改性对微球外部结构影响较大,表面密集程度增加,孔隙减少;改性U@s-Alg-CS微球真空干燥后提升了尿素化肥的缓释能力,相比未改性U@Alg微球缓释时间延长了40%;在高盐溶液下改性U@s-Alg-CS微球具有良好的稳定性,相比未改性U@Alg-CS微球溶胀率降低了52%。In order to improve the slow-release ability of urea fertilizer and solve the problem of natural polymer coating material swelling easily in salt solution,urea was encapsulated by natural macromolecule sodium alginate(Alg) and chitosan(CS),and millimetre-sized hydrophobic calcium alginate-chitosan microspheres(U@s-Alg-CS)were prepared by alkyl silane modification.The structure and properties of the modified microspheres were investigated by contact angle test,FT-IR,SEM,EDS,static water release test and swelling test.The experimental results shown that the surface of the microspheres was modified successfully with excellent hydrophobicity and contact angle of 136°.The modification had great influence on the external structure of the microspheres,which increased the surface density and decreased the porosity.After vacuum drying,the sustained release capacity of urea fertilizer was improved by modified U@s-Alg-CS microspheres,and the sustained release time was 40% longer than that of unmodified U@Alg microspheres.The modified U@s-Alg-CS microspheres had excellent stability in high salt solution,and the swelling rate of the microspheres was 52% lower than that of the unmodified microspheres.

关 键 词：海藻酸 硅烷改性 缓释肥 包膜材料 

分 类 号：TQ311[化学工程—高聚物工业]