直膨式太阳能集热器“Y”型流道单元的传热分析与结构优化  

Heat Transfer Analysis and Structure Optimization of "Y"-Shaped Runner Unit of Roll-Bond Flat Plate

作　　者：于洋[1] 任玉斌 贾智旗 王关 王强 张孝德 张祥 YU Yang;REN Yubin;JIA Zhiqi;WANG Guan;WANG Qiang;ZHANG Xiaode;ZHANG Xiang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;Ningxia Zhonghao Yinchen Energy Technology Service Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 753400,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学机械工程学院,西安710054 [2]宁夏中昊银晨能源技术服务有限公司,银川753400

出　　处：《真空科学与技术学报》2022年第7期555-562,共8页Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西省秦创原科技创新专项项目(2021ZDZX-GY-0006)。

摘　　要：针对传统吹胀式集热器传热效率低下的问题,本文对“Y”型流道单元内的流动和传热特性进行数值模拟研究,选取集热器传热子单元的宽度、长度、流道分型角度与流道宽度4个参数作为调控变量,合理优化了流道单元的传热结构。以“Y”型流道单元为研究对象,利用Fluent软件建立了共轭传热有限元模型。通过数值模拟分析得出,在定义的长宽区间内,热效率随着传热单元长度的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,压降系数与单元长、宽值均呈负相关关系;而流道宽度与热效率呈正相关关系,与压降系数呈负相关关系。之后基于Box-Behnken原则设计了传热优化的响应面试验,对热效率和压降系数进行双目标优化,确定了最佳单元设计方案。优化结果表明,当传热流道的子单元长度为40 mm,宽度为35 mm,分型角度为60°,流道宽度为11 mm时,“Y”型流道的热效率为0.782,压降系数为0.121。最后,搭建了直膨式太阳能辅热系统对该方案进行了实验测试,实验结果表明,使用该“Y”型流道的集热器体现出更优的太阳能利用率,使系统的COP提高了15.2%。本研究为提高吹胀式集热器的传热效率,并对其他类型流道的设计和优化提供了参考。Aiming at the problem of low heat transfer efficiency of traditional roll-bond flat plate,this paperconducts a numerical simulation study on the flow and heat transfer characteristics in the "Y"-shaped channel unit.The four parameters of width,length,runner parting angle and runner width are used as control variables to optimizethe heat transfer structure of the runner.Taking the "Y"-shaped channel unit as the research object,the finite ele-ment model of conjugate heat transfer was established by using Fluent.Through numerical simulation analysis,it isconcluded that in the defined length and width interval,the thermal efficiency increases first and then decreaseswith the increase of the length of the heat transfer unit,and the pressure drop coefficient has a negative correlationwith the length and width of the unit.The runner width has a positive correlation with the thermal efficiency and anegative correlation with the pressure drop coefficient.Then,according to the Box-Behnken principle,a responsesurface test for heat transfer optimization was designed,an optimization model with thermal efficiency and pressuredrop coefficient as the response indicators was established,and the optimal element design scheme was determined.The optimization results show that when the subunit length of the heat transfer runner is 40 mm,the width is 35 mm,the parting angle is 60°,and the runner width is 11 mm,the thermal efficiency of the "Y"-shaped runner is 0.782,and the pressure drop coefficient is 0.121.Finally,a direct-expansion solar auxiliary heating system is built to testthe scheme.The experimental results show that the collector using the "Y"-shaped channel shows better solar ener-gy utilization,which increases the COP of the system by 15.2%.This study provides a reference for the design andoptimization of other types of flow channels to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the roll-bond flat plate.

关 键 词：吹胀式集热器 传热仿真 “Y”型流道 响应面试验 

分 类 号：TK512[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]