废弃聚烯烃塑料催化裂解为燃料的研究进展  

Progress on catalytic cracking of waste polyolefin plastics to produce fuels

作　　者：魏晗 刘明杰 周航 苏宝根[1,2] 杨亦文 Wei Han;Liu Mingjie;Zhou Hang;Su Baogen;Yang Yiwen(College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,Zhejiang,China;Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou,Quzhou 324000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江大学衢州研究院,浙江衢州324000

出　　处：《工业催化》2022年第8期1-10,共10页Industrial Catalysis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2103704);国家自然科学基金(218900764,21776240);浙江大学衢州研究院科研基金(IZQ2019-KJ-001)。

摘　　要：塑料产量增加以及废弃塑料的不合理处置造成了白色污染等环境问题。开发废弃塑料的新型转化途径,实现塑料的升级利用是解决目前危机的关键。通过化学手段选择性断裂聚烯烃塑料中的C—C键,实现向燃油等高附加值产品的转化是一种非常有潜力的方案。本文重点汇总归纳了将聚烯烃塑料催化裂化为高附加值燃料的主要方法,包括催化热解、加氢催化、光催化,着重探讨了催化剂种类,催化剂活性位点、结构对产物碳数分布的影响。鉴于塑料裂解发展现状以及当前存在的反应条件严苛、产物选择性不可控、催化剂昂贵等问题,提出未来应致力于开发新型催化剂和反应机理研究。The increase in plastic production and the unreasonable disposal of waste plastics have caused environmental problems such as white pollution.Developing new conversion pathways for waste plastics to realize the upgrading and utilization of plastics is the key to solving the current crisis.Selectively breaking C—C bonds by chemical means to convert waste plastics into high value-added fuel products should be a promising route.This review summarized the main methods for converting waste polyolefin plastics into high value-added fuels(e.g.,catalytic pyrolysis,hydrogenolysis,photocatalysis),focusing on the effects of catalyst types,catalyst active sites and structure to the carbon number distribution of products.In consideration of the development status of plastic cracking and the current problems of harsh reaction conditions,uncontrollable product selectivity,and expensive catalysts,the future research should be devoted to the development of new catalysts and mechanism research.

关 键 词：三废处理与综合利用 废弃塑料 催化剂 催化热解 加氢催化 光催化 燃料 

分 类 号：TQ322.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]