巩固脱贫成果的政治经济学解析与多维动态评估——基于秦巴山区和大小凉山地区的抽样调查  

The Political Economy Analysis and the Multidimensional Dynamic Evaluation of Consolidating the Achievements of Poverty Alleviation:Based on a Sample Survey of Qinba Mountain Area and Liangshan Area

作　　者：贺立龙[1] 朱方明[2] 张承文 He Lilong;Zhu Fangming;Zhang Chengwen(School of Economics,Sichuan University;School of Public Administration,Sichuan University)

机构地区：[1]四川大学经济学院,成都市哲学社会科学研究基地中国特色社会主义政治经济学研究中心,610065 [2]四川大学经济学院,610065 [3]四川大学公共管理学院,610065

出　　处：《经济评论》2022年第4期94-113,共20页Economic Review

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“风险冲击视角下规模性返贫的预警、阻断与长效治理研究”(项目编号:21BJL060)的阶段性成果;四川省社科“十四五规划”课题“绝对贫困与相对贫困的结构转换与协同治理研究”(项目编号:SC21B054)的资助。

摘　　要：本文基于脱贫层次与稳定性、实效与真实性、动能与人本性、能力与多维性、结构与协调性五个涵义向度构建巩固脱贫成果的多维动态评估框架,将静态的绝对贫困标准转换为动态的巩固脱贫标准,形成基于巩固脱贫标准的多维贫困指数,考察多维贫困指数变化以评估巩固脱贫成果成效。对秦巴山区和大小凉山地区的研究表明:两地多维贫困指数降幅超过80%,但收入脱贫层次与稳定性有待提升;在职中和高中入学、有效技能培训、老年人照料、因房负债及脱贫动能等维度(指标)上存在不足;居住在山地的家庭、文化技能欠缺家庭、临界脱贫家庭以及半劳动力家庭更易出现返贫风险;劳动力富集区家庭成员进城务工、特色资源富集区家庭开展农业经营有助于巩固脱贫成果。这一研究是巩固脱贫攻坚成果分析的多维探索,也是多维贫困方法在巩固脱贫成果评估领域的应用与拓展,为做好巩固脱贫成果后评估、推动脱贫地区全面振兴提供方法论参考。According to five connotative dimensions, which are the level and stability of poverty alleviation, effectiveness and authenticity, kinetic energy and human nature, ability and multidimensionality, structure and coordination, this paper builds a multi-dimensional dynamic evaluation framework for consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation. This paper transforms the static absolutely poverty standard into the dynamic consolidated poverty alleviation standard, forms a multi-dimensional poverty index based on the consolidated poverty alleviation standard, and inspects the changes of the multi-dimensional poverty index to evaluate the results of consolidating poverty alleviation. The research of Qinba mountain area and Liangshan area shows that: the MPI value of the two places has dropped by more than 80%, but the level of income poverty alleviation and stability are insufficient;there are deficiencies in several sectors, including the enrollment opportunities of vocational and high schools, effective skills training, care for the elderly, debt due to housing and the energy for poverty alleviation;households in mountainous villages, households who lack cultural skills, marginal poverty alleviation households and half-labor households have more risks of returning to poverty;households in labor-rich areas who worked in city and the households in featured resource-rich area who developed agricultural operations help consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation. The above evaluation framework is a multi-dimensional exploration of analysis on consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation, and also an application and an expansion of multi-dimensional poverty method in the field of consolidating the evaluation of poverty alleviation achievements. It provides a methodological reference for post-evaluation methods for consolidating the results of poverty alleviation and promoting the comprehensive revitalization of poverty alleviation areas.

关 键 词：巩固脱贫成果 多维动态评估 多维贫困指数 秦巴山区 大小凉山地区 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] F124.7