景观格局类型对土壤侵蚀的影响  

Influence of Landscape Pattern Type on Soil Erosion

作　　者：宋爽 王韶晗 石梦溪 胡珊珊 许大为[1,2] SONG Shuang;WANG Shaohan;SHI Mengxi;HU Shanshan;XU Dawei(College of Landscape Architecture,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Development and Landscape Ecological Restoration of Cold Area Garden Plants,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学园林学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省寒地园林植物种质资源开发与景观生态修复重点实验室,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2022年第5期85-92,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“快速城市化背景下资源型城市生态安全格局构建研究:以大庆市为例”(2572018CP06)。

摘　　要：在景观格局特征尺度上讨论景观格局类型与土壤侵蚀的关系,为具有减缓土壤侵蚀效果的景观格局提出优化的方向。以挠力河流域为研究区,利用3S技术、USLE模型、移动窗口法与半变异函数、有序多元logistic回归等方法,从特征尺度上量化了分析景观格局类型对土壤侵蚀的影响。结果表明:(1)2010-2018年研究区景观格局破碎化程度增加,景观格局类型有向散布型转化的趋势。(2)2010年、2018年研究区的景观格局特征尺度分别为4500 m,4250 m,后者景观格局更为丰富。(3)2010-2018年研究区土壤侵蚀总量增加。(4)研究区土壤侵蚀强度主要取决于现状土地利用斑块特征,在景观格局特征尺度下网状型景观格局类型对土壤侵蚀的缓解效果最好,网状型、指状型和棋盘型与散布型景观格局类型相比,土壤侵蚀强度至少高一个等级的概率分别为0.53,0.74,0.88。研究结果可为景观格局优化和水土保持管理提供参考。In order to discuss the relationship between landscape pattern types and soil erosion at the scale of landscape pattern characteristics,and suggest directions for optimizing landscape patterns with soil erosion mitigation effects,taking the Naolihe basin as study area,we used 3S technology,USLE model,moving window method and semi-variogram,ordered multiple logistic regression to quantify the impact of analyzing the landscape pattern type on soil erosion from the characteristic scale.The results showed that:(1)the fragmentation of the landscape pattern in the study area increased from 2010 to 2018,and the landscape pattern type tended to shift towards a dispersed type;(2)the characteristic scales of the landscape pattern in the study area in 2010 and 2018 were 4500 m and 4250 m,respectively,with the latter having a more abundant landscape pattern;(3)from 2010 to 2018,the total amount of soil erosion in the study area increased slightly;(4)soil erosion intensity in the study area mainly depended on the characteristics of the current land use patches,the reticular landscape pattern type was the most effective in mitigating soil erosion at the characteristic scale,the probabilities of soil erosion intensity of reticular,finger-like,and checkerboard types were 0.53,0.74,and 0.88 times higher than that of the dispersed landscape pattern.These results can provide the references for landscape pattern optimization and soil and water conservation management.

关 键 词：景观格局 土壤侵蚀 特征尺度 有序多元logistic回归 挠力河流域 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]