化害为利:黄土高原淤地坝旱作农业系统探析  

Turning a Disadvantage into an Advantage:An Analysis of Dry Farming System of Warping Dams in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：艾开开 AI Kaikai(Faculty of History,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,天津300350

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2022年第5期404-410,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“传统向现代的转型:中国近现代日常生活研究”(18JJD770001)。

摘　　要：淤地坝属于黄土高原重要的水土保持工程措施,兼具淤地造田之效。以淤地坝为载体,坝地作物种植为核心的淤地坝旱作农业系统是黄土高原独特的农业系统和农业景观。通过文献梳理和实地调研,对黄土高原淤地坝旱作农业系统进行了系统分析。研究表明:(1)黄土高原淤地坝的人工修筑史可以追溯至明代万历年间,距今至少已有400余年的历史,1950年代以后得到普遍推广;(2)淤地坝传统的修筑技术和坝地旱作农业耕作技术体系,体现出人与自然和谐共处的生存准则和先民智慧的生活理念;(3)淤地坝旱作农业系统具有显著的经济价值、生态价值、文化价值、景观价值、社会价值与科研价值等农业文化遗产价值,在黄土高原生态文明建设、农业可持续发展和农耕文化传承等方面具有重要意义。Warping dams is an important engineering measure of soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau,which has the effect of silting up land for farmland.The warping dam dry farming system with warping dams as the carrier and dam crop planting as the core is a unique agricultural system and agricultural landscape in the Loess Plateau.Through literature review and field investigation,the dry farming system of warping dams on the Loess Plateau was systematically analyzed.The results show that:(1)the artificial construction history of warping dams on the Loess Plateau can be traced back to Wanli of the Ming Dynasty,which has a history of at least 400 years,and has been widely popularized since the 1950s;(2)the traditional construction technology of silt dam and the dry farming technology system of dam land reflect the survival criterion of harmonious coexistence between man and nature and the life concept of wisdom of our ancestors;(3)the warping dams dry farming system has significant agricultural cultural heritage values such as economic value,ecological value,cultural value,landscape value,social value and scientific research value.It is of great significance for the construction of ecological civilization on the Loess Plateau,the sustainable development of agriculture and the inheritance of agricultural culture.

关 键 词：黄土高原 淤地坝 坝地 修筑技术 耕作技术 遗产价值 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]