西瓜新炭疽病菌的鉴定、生物学特性及药剂敏感性研究  

Identification,biological characteristics and fungicide susceptibility of the new pathogen Colletotrichum incanum of watermelon anthracnose

作　　者：靳俊媛 王友贤 刘倩 孙蕾 白庆荣 赵廷昌[4] JIN Junyuan;WANG Youxian;LIU Qian;SUN Lei;BAI Qingrong;ZHAO Tingchang(College of Plant Protection,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,Jilin,China;Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade of Jiaohe City in Jilin Province,Jiaohe 132500,Jilin,China;Comprehensive Service Center of Heishui Town(Agricultural Technology Extension Station),Taonan 137100,Jilin,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学植物保护学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省蛟河市农业综合行政执法大队,吉林蛟河132500 [3]黑水镇综合服务中心(农业技术推广站),吉林洮南137101 [4]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100096

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2022年第8期18-26,共9页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家西甜瓜产业技术体系项目(CARS-25);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201300)。

摘　　要：为了明确2018—2021年在吉林省及周边地区发现的一种西瓜炭疽病新病原菌的分类地位,探究其防治方法,采用组织分离法获得培养形状一致的52个菌株,柯氏验证结果表明其代表菌株具有致病性,结合形态学和分子生物学特征将该病原菌鉴定为菜豆炭疽菌Colletotrichum incanum。生物学特性观察结果表明:C.incanum菌丝生长的最适培养基为PDA,最佳pH值为5,最适氮源为甘氨酸,最适碳源为淀粉,最适温度为30℃,最适光照条件为全光照;产孢最适培养基为CMA,最适pH值为5,最佳氮源为甘氨酸,最佳碳源为麦芽糖,最适温度为10℃,在全黑暗条件下产孢最佳。采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法对该病原菌进行室内药剂敏感性测定。结果表明,在菌丝生长和孢子萌发方面,该病原菌对25%吡唑醚菌酯SC、350 g·L^(-1)苯甲·嘧菌酯SC、560 g·L^(-1)嘧菌·百菌清SC和40%嘧菌·戊唑醇SC敏感性均较好,可作为该病害防治的优先选用药剂。To clarify the taxonomic status and conduct research on prevention of a new pathogen of watermelon anthracnose in Jilin Province during 2018-2021,52 isolates were collected by tissue isolate method with consistent culture characteristics and the representative strains were tested for pathogenicity by the Koch's postulate in this study.The pathogen was identified as Colletotrichum incanum by morphological characteristics and sequence analysis.The optimum culture medium,pH,carbon source,temperature and light of mycelial growth were PDA,pH 5,glycine,starch,30℃and full light,respectively.The optimal conditions of conidial production of C.incanum were CMA,pH 5,glycine,maltose,10℃and total darkness,respectively.Determination of indoor pesticide susceptibility of the fungus by mycelium growth rate method and conidial germination method.The mycelium and conidium of C.incanum were more susceptible to 25%pyrazoxystrobin SC,350 g·L^(-1) difenoconazole·azoxystrobin SC,560 g·L^(-1) azoxystrobin·chlorothalonil SC and 40%azoxystrobin·tebuconazole SC than other fungicides tested,which could be used as the preferred choices for the control of this disease.

关 键 词：西瓜炭疽病 Colletotrichum incanum 病原鉴定 生物学特性 药剂敏感性 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]