2种土壤处理除草剂对蔗田杂草的防除效果及其安全性评价  

Control effect of two soil treatment herbicides on sugarcane fields weeds and theirs safety evaluation

作　　者：罗志明[1] 尹炯[1] 邓军[1] 张荣跃[1] 李银煳 LUO Zhi-ming;YIN Jiong;DENG Jun;ZHANG Rong-yue;LI Yin-hu(Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661600,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,云南开远661699

出　　处：《农药》2022年第8期622-624,共3页Agrochemicals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000600);云南省重点研发(农业领域)专项(202102AE090028)。

摘　　要：[目的]明确240 g/L乙氧氟草醚EC、240 g/L甲咪唑烟酸AS对蔗田杂草的防控效果及其安全性。[方法]通过土壤封闭处理,研究了2种除草剂对蔗田一年生单、双子叶杂草的防控效果及其对甘蔗出苗数、成茎数和蔗苗生长的影响。[结果]240 g/L乙氧氟草醚EC和240 g/L甲咪唑烟酸AS对蔗田单、双子叶杂草株防效和鲜质量防效均与对照农药38%莠去津SC相当,达到蔗田杂草防除要求。240 g/L乙氧氟草醚EC不同剂量处理均对甘蔗安全,240 g/L甲咪唑烟酸AS低剂量下蔗苗有轻微药害,但中、高剂量下药害加重并降低甘蔗成茎数。[结论]2种土壤处理除草剂均可用做蔗田杂草防控轮换用药,240 g/L乙氧氟草醚EC以108~180 g a.i./hm^(2)为宜,240 g/L甲咪唑烟酸AS以72 g a.i./hm^(2)为宜。不同甘蔗品种对除草剂存在不同的耐受性,在大面积应用前需进行试验。[Aims ] The paper aims to verify the control effect of oxyfluorfen 240 g/L EC and imazapic 240 g/L AS against weeds in sugarcane fields and theirs safety evaluation to sugarcane. [Methods] Through sugarcane field soil sealing by herbicide, the control effects of these two herbicides were studied to monocotyledonous weeds and dicotyledonous weeds in sugarcane field, and theirs effects on the number of sugarcane seedlings, the number of jointing sugarcane and the growth of sugarcane seedlings were evaluated as well. [Results] The control effects of oxyfluorfen 240 g/L EC and imazapic 240 g/L AS were the same as the control effects of atrazine 38% SC on number and fresh weight of monocotyledonous weeds and dicotyledonous weeds, and they can meet the requirements of weeds control in sugarcane field. Oxyfluorfen 240 g/L EC at different doses were safe for sugarcane. Under the low dose of imazapic 240 g/L AS for sugarcane seedlings had slight damage, but the damage was aggravated and the number of jointing sugarcane was reduced under the medium and high dose. [Conclusions] The two soil treatment herbicides can be used as rotation herbicides for weed control in sugarcane field, it could select oxyfluorfen 240 g/L EC with treating dose of 108-180 g a.i./ha or imazapic 240 g/L AS with treating dose of 72 g a.i./ha. Different sugarcane varieties have different tolerance to herbicides, which need to be tested before large-scale application.

关 键 词：蔗田杂草 防除效果 乙氧氟草醚 甲咪唑烟酸 安全性评价 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]