2017—2019年新生儿轮状病毒感染流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of rotavirus infection in neonatal ward from2017 to 2019

作　　者：邓晓辉[1] 康亚辉 张丽秀[1] 贺锐[1] 常璞 方惠娟[1] 周艳芝[1] DENG Xiao-Hui;KANG Ya-Hui;ZHANG Li-Xiu(Maternity and Child-Care Hospital of Gansu Province,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省妇幼保健院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2022年第14期2621-2624,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：甘肃省兰州市人才创新创业项目(2018-RC-23)。

摘　　要：目的探讨新生儿病房轮状病毒(RV)感染流行病学特点,为临床轮状病毒感染防控提供科学依据。方法收集甘肃省妇幼保健院2017年1月—2019年12月入住新生儿病房492份粪便标本,使用免疫层析法检测RV抗原,结果应用SPSS22.0对其流行病学因素进行统计学分析。结果492例新生儿中检出RV感染130例,检出率26.42%,其中男性26.30%,女性为26.58%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。早期新生儿的轮状病毒感染率高于晚期新生儿(34.05%,16.43%,χ^(2)=19.285,P<0.01);足月新生儿感染率高于早产(28~37周)新生儿(31.07%,18.58%,χ^(2)=9.221,P<0.01);正常体质量新生儿感染率高于低出生体质量新生儿(30.03%,19.53%,χ^(2)=6.297,P<0.05);剖宫分娩、自然分娩新生儿感染率分别为30.19%、23.57%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),一年四季中夏、秋季感染率高于其余季节(29.89%,32.26%,χ^(2)=9.512,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,日龄、孕周及分娩方式为新轮状病毒感染的相关因素。结论针对新生儿RV感染要制定集束化防控措施,注重隔离感染源、切断感染途径,保护易感患儿,最大程度避免医院感染的发生。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus(RV)infection,and to provide guidance for prevention and control of clinical rotavirus infection.Methods The stool samples of 492 patient in 2017-2019 were collected.The RV antigen was detected by immunochromatography.SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the factors affecting RV infection.Results A total of 130 case of RV infection were detected in 492 neonates,the detected rate was 26.42%.The detected rate of in male children were 26.30%,and the detected rates of RV in female children were 26.58%,both RV infection rate had no statistically significant(P>0.05).Early neonates had a higher rate of rotavirus infection than late neonates(34.05%,16.43%,χ^(2)=19.285,P<0.01);Full-term neonatal infection rate was higher than premature(28-37 weeks)neonates(31.07%,18.58%,χ^(2)=9.221,P<0.01);Normal weight neonates had a higher infection rate than low birth weight neonates(30.03%,19.53%,χ^(2)=6.297,P<0.05);The rates of neonatal infection in cesarean delivery and natural delivery were 30.19%and 23.57%,both RV infection rate had no statistically significant(P>0.05).The infection rate was higher in summer and autumn than in other seasons(29.89%,32.26%,χ^(2)=9.512,P<0.05).The Multivariate logistics regression analysis showed that age,gestational age,and delivery methods were related factors to new rotavirus infections.Conclusion To prevent neonatal RV infection,we must formulate cluster prevention and control measures,focus on isolating the source of infection,cutting off the infection route,protecting susceptible children,and avoiding the occurrence of hospital infection to the greatest extent.

关 键 词：妇幼保健机构 新生儿 轮状病毒 流行病学 

分 类 号：R722.13[医药卫生—儿科]