中国流动人口住房分层与多层次住房保障体系研究  

Housing Stratification among the Floating Population and Multilevel Housing Security in China

作　　者：王春璇 李君甫[2,3] Chunxuan Wang;Junfu Li

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院 [2]北京工业大学文法学部 [3]北京工业大学北京社会管理研究基地

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2022年第4期3-17,195,共16页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“家庭再生产视角下农民工城镇购房的驱动力及结构效应研究”(21BSH034)。

摘　　要：流动人口住房保障体系的建设应秉承渐进性、差异性和多样性的原则,既要因城施策,也要因层施策。流动人口多层次的住房状况是流动人口住房保障政策制定和实施的重要依据,然而,有关流动人口的住房分层以及流动人口住房分层背景下住房保障的讨论不够充分。基于国家卫生健康委员会2017年全国流动人口动态监测数据分析,研究发现我国流动人口形成了“四层八类”的住房分层结构。流动人口住房上层为已获住房产权的有房阶层,流动人口住房中上层为住在居委会辖区的租房阶层,流动人口住房中下层为住在村委会辖区的租房阶层,流动人口住房下层为住在宿舍等其他住房的住房阶层。住房阶层内又可以根据住房权属关系和辖区分为多种类型。研究认为,提高流动人口的住房水平需建立多层次住房保障体系,政府调控稳定住房市场结构与价格,针对流动人口特点提供适配的住房;既要提高商品房市场和租赁房市场住房品种的多层次性,也要促进保障性住房的多样性及保障形式的多样性。The construction of the housing security system for the floating population requires the principles of progressiveness,differentiation,and diversification.Policies must be implemented based on both the city and the housing class.The multi-level housing situation of the floating population is an important basis for formulating the housing security policy for the floating population.However,the current discussions on the housing stratification among the floating population and housing security are insufficient.Using 2017 dynamic monitoring data of the national migrant population from the National Health and Family Planning Commission,this study found that the migrant population in China has formed a“4-classes 8-levels”housing class structure.The upper housing class of the floating population have obtained housing property rights.The upper-middle housing class is the renter class who lives in the Juweihui Community.The lower-middle housing class is the renter class who lives in the Cunweihui Community.The lower level is the housing class that lives in dormitories or other housing types.Within the housing class,there are various types of housing stratification based on housing tenure and jurisdiction type.To improve the housing level of the floating population,a multi-level housing security system must be established.The government should regulate and stabilize the structure and price of the housing market,and provide suitable housing according to characteristics of the floating population.Not only to improve the multi-level variety of housing in the commercial and rental housing markets,but also to promote the diversity of affordable housing and the diversity of housing security.

关 键 词：流动人口 住房分层 住房政策 住房保障 多层次住房保障 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学] F299.23