创建国家卫生城市是否提升了公共健康水平?--基于PSM-DID方法的实证分析  

Does the Establishment of National Health City Improve Public Health?Empirical Analysis Based on the PSM-DID Method

作　　者：唐跟利 陈立泰[1] 徐逸岚 卢彦伶 Genli Tang;Litai Chen;Yilan Xu;Yanling Lu

机构地区：[1]重庆大学公共管理学院 [2]自贡高新区基础教育研究中心

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2022年第4期137-156,199,共21页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“西部陆海新通道推动西部地区联动高质量发展的内生机理与路径研究”(20BJL097);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“成渝地区双城经济圈建成西部高质量发展增长极的理论与政策研究”(2020CDJSK01PT01);重庆大学公共管理学院科研基金项目“长江经济带发展政策演进及绩效评价研究”(2019GGXY01)。

摘　　要：在可持续高质量发展重要性日益凸显、重大公共卫生事件频发的背景下,各地政府越来越关注公共健康议题。在中央政府的主导下,全国许多地区开展了创建国家卫生城市(以下简称“创卫”)活动,各地政府也积极响应,但这种激励方式达到预期效应了吗?论文基于中国174个城市2004—2016年的面板数据,采用倾向得分匹配法(Propensity Score Matching,PSM)和双重差分法(Difference-in-Differences,DID)相结合的PSM-DID方法考察“创卫”活动的效果。研究结果表明:(1)“创卫”活动有效提高了城市公共健康水平。(2)“创卫”活动对公共健康水平的影响存在边际效应,提升作用不具有长效性。(3)“创卫”活动主要通过抑制工业化和空气污染两大途径提高公共健康水平。(4)“创卫”活动的健康效应具有区域异质性,东部地区改善效果显著,中、西部地区不显著。文章从地方政府主动开展“创卫”活动的视角出发,实证评估了“创卫”活动对公共健康水平的直接和动态影响,识别了“创卫”活动影响城市公共健康水平的途径,并揭示了影响效应的区域差异性及其产生的原因。With the increasing importance of high-quality development and the frequent occurrences of major public health emergencies,local governments are paying more and more attention to public health issues.Under the leadership of the central government,many regions across the country have launched the national campaign of the Establishment of National Health City(EONHC).Local governments have responded positively,but has this incentive policy achieved the expected effect?Based on the panel data of 174 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004 to 2016,this paper uses the PSM-DID method,combining the Propensity Score Matching method and the Difference-in-Differences method,to examine the effect of the EONHC.The results show that:(1)EONHC has improved the level of urban public health;(2)the impact of EONHC on the level of public health has a marginal effect,and the promotion effect is not long-lasting;(3)EONHC mainly improve the level of public health through the two major ways of suppressing industrialization and air pollution;and,(4)the health effect of EONHC has regional heterogeneity,and it has a significant improvement effect in the eastern region,but not in the central and western regions.From the perspective of the local government’s initiative to carry out the EONHC campaign,the article empirically evaluated the direct and dynamic impact of the EONHC on the public health level,identified the ways in which the EONHC affected the urban public health level,and revealed the regional differences in the effects and their causes.

关 键 词：公共健康 国家卫生城市 评比表彰 异质性 匹配倍差法 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]