太行山青龙峡景区崩塌灾害发育特征及防治对策  

Development Characteristics and Preventive Measures of Collapse Disasters in Qinglong Gorge Scenic Area of Taihang Mountains,China

作　　者：吕艳 马瑞霞 王祚鹏 李淼 陈天宝 古港 LYU Yan;MA Rui-xia;WANG Zuo-peng;LI Miao;CHEN Tian-bao;GU Gang(School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Shanxi Province Coal Geology 148 Prospecting Institute Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030053,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安710054 [2]山西省煤炭地质一四八勘查院有限公司,山西太原030053

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2022年第4期593-604,共12页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(300102262908,300103120042);国家自然科学基金项目(41672285);山西省地质勘查基金项目(2019-22)。

摘　　要：青龙峡景区位于山西省壶关县太行山区东部,是太行山大峡谷国家地质公园的重要园区。青龙峡作为典型高山峡谷区,山地崩塌灾害极为发育,对景区旅游接待和居民生活构成威胁。为有效防控太行山区崩塌灾害,通过太行山青龙峡景区详细地质环境调查工作,掌握崩塌灾害发育规律,探讨崩塌成因和防治减灾对策。结果表明:青龙峡景区崩塌灾害发育在层状结构的硬岩高位边坡上,中小型崩塌更为常见;岩体破坏以错断式、倾倒式、滑移式和坠落式等4种破坏模式为主。峡谷区崩塌机理表现为多样的地层岩性组合孕崩、高陡的地形地貌育崩、复杂的岩体结构面控崩、岩溶和集中降水诱崩的四要素耦合崩塌成因机理。通过构建典型崩塌落石的Rockfall Analyst模型,分析危岩体崩塌的致灾边界,研判景区崩塌灾害的影响范围,针对青龙峡景区面临的地质安全问题,提出了景区崩塌灾害“风险区监测预警、隐患点工程治理”的防治对策。研究成果对山岳峡谷型景区和山区城镇的灾害防控具有借鉴价值。Qinglong Gorge scenic area,located in the east of Taihang Mountains in Huguan county of Shanxi province,is an important park of Taihang Mountains grand canyon national geopark.Qinglong Gorge is a typical alpine canyon area,and is also deeply affected by mountain collapse disasters.In order to effectively study the collapse disaster in Taihang Mountains and improve the geological safety of the canyon scenic area,the development law and mechanism of collapse disasters were explored on the basis of the detailed geological environment survey of Qinglong Gorge.The surveys show that the development of collapse disasters in Qinglong Gorge scenic area is dominated by small and medium-sized collapses with high-level slopes of hard rock and block structure;instability modes of the common rock collapses mainly include four types,namely,staggered type,dump type,slip type and fall type.The mechanism of canyon collapse is characterized by the coupling of four elements,that is,the combination of various strata and lithology breeds the collapse,the high and steep terrain cultivates the collapse,the complex rock structure plane controls the collapse,karstification and concentrated precipitation induce collapse.At the same time,the hazard boundary of rock collapse of dangerous rock mass was determined,and the influence scope of the collapse disaster in the scenic area was judged by constructing the Rockfall Analyst model of typical collapse rockfall.In view of the geological safety problems faced by Qinglong Gorge scenic area,the prevention and control countermeasures of“risk area monitoring and governance,hidden danger engineering management”for collapse disasters in the scenic area were put forward.The research achievement has a good reference value for the prevention and control of geological disasters in canyon-type scenic areas and mountainous towns.

关 键 词：崩塌灾害 发育规律 破坏模式 成因机理 监测治理 Rockfall Analyst模型 青龙峡景区 太行山 

分 类 号：P642.21[天文地球—工程地质学] X43[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]