美国在南海及周边地区的军事权力增长及军事存在演变  

The growth of military power and evolution of military presence of the U.S.in the South China Sea and surrounding areas

作　　者：曹宛鹏 CAO Wanpeng(Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;Center for World Geography and Geostrategic Studies,Shanghai 200062 China 3.Institute for Global Innovation and Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China)

机构地区：[1]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广州511458 [2]华东师范大学世界地理与地缘战略研究中,上海200062 [3]华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院,上海200062

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2022年第4期726-736,共11页World Regional Studies

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0601)。

摘　　要：海洋历来是世界大国角逐的主要战场,南海因其突出的地缘战略价值也不例外。本研究借助军事权力评估模型,刻画美国在南海军事权力的增长态势,明晰美国在南海及周边地区军事存在的演变特征。结果表明:①2010—2019年,美国在南海的军事权力呈现出阶段性递增态势,可划分为2010—2016年奥巴马政府推出亚太战略时期的波动上升,以及2017—2019年特朗普政府推出印太战略时期的迅速提升两个阶段;②美国在南海及周边地区的军事存在显著增强,包括不断完善以环南海军事基地群和南海前沿军事基地群为核心的军事基地部署,加强引导双边联合军演向多边联合军演转变,着重强调“航行自由”行动的海上实战性检验以及持续强化军事侦察和情报收集的立体化网络体系构建。The ocean has always been a major battleground for world powers,and the South China Sea is no exception due to its outstanding geostrategic value.Using a military power assessment model,this paper portrays the growth of U.S.military power in the South China Sea and clarifies the evolutionary features of U.S.military presence in the South China Sea and surrounding areas.The results show that:(1)From 2010 to 2019,U.S.military power in the South China Sea shows a phased incremental increase that can be divided into two phases.The first phase,the fluctuating rise during the Obama administration's launch of the Asia-Pacific strategy in 2010-2016;and the second phase,the rapid rise during the Trump administration's launch of the Indo-Pacific strategy in 2017-2019.(2)The U.S.military presence in the South China Sea and surrounding areas has increased significantly,including:continuously improving the deployment of military bases centered around the South China Sea military base group and the South China Sea forward military base group;strengthening the shift from bilateral joint military exercises to multilateral joint military exercises;emphasizing the maritime combat test of"freedom of navigation"operations;and continuously strengthening the construction of a three-dimensional network system for military reconnaissance and intelligence collection.

关 键 词：南海 军事权力 军事存在 美国 

分 类 号：D822.371.2[政治法律—政治学] E712[政治法律—外交学]