建筑用石蜡类相变储能材料的改性研究进展  

Research Progress on Modification of Paraffin-Based Phase Change Energy Storage Materials for Construction

作　　者：史琛[1] 王平 杨柳[2] SHI Chen;WANG Ping;YANG Liu(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi􀆳an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi􀆳an 710055,China;School of Architecture,Xi􀆳an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi􀆳an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2022年第8期607-616,共10页Materials China

基　　金：陕西省教育厅重点实验室科研计划项目(19JS044);中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M673352)。

摘　　要：随着人们对热舒适需求的日益增加,建筑能耗也随之增大,目前已经成为世界上最大的耗能产业。针对热能储存系统的研究对促进更有效、更环保的能源利用具有重要意义。石蜡类相变储能材料因具有优良的热物理性能而成为建筑节能方面的研究热点,如蓄热密度高、熔点范围宽、经济适用性好等,但仍存在固-液相变时易发生渗漏及导热性能差等问题。近年来,研究人员致力于开发性能稳定、相变潜热高和导热性能优异的复合相变材料,以使其在建筑领域具有更广阔的发展前景。通过将石蜡与不同高导热材料复合,可以大大提高该复合相变材料的导热性能,且不会发生泄漏。基于目前的研究进展,首先介绍了石蜡类相变储能材料的基础热物理性能,并根据石蜡的化学结构介绍了含不同碳原子数的石蜡的相变温度及相变过程。针对其渗漏的问题,讨论了宏观封装、微胶囊封装和多孔材料吸附3种改进方式;针对其导热性能差的问题,讨论了添加高导热材料、使用不同种类无机化合物包裹以及浸入多孔高导热材料中3种强化传热的方式。最后,对石蜡类相变储能材料在建筑领域的发展前景进行了展望,以期研发出吸附效果及导热增强效果更好的高导热吸附材料,使得石蜡复合相变材料具有更好的使用性能。Building energy consumption is increasing with the growth demand for thermal comfort.At present,it has become the largest energy consuming industry in the world,and the research of thermal energy storage system is of great significance to promote more effective and environmentally friendly energy utilization.Paraffin-based phase change energy storage materials have become a research hotspot in building energy conservation because of its excellent thermophysical properties,such as high heat storage density,wide melting point range,good economic applicability and so on.However,the application of paraffin-based phase change materials in building materials is still limited due to the problems of easy leakage when solid-liquid phase change occurs and poor thermal conductivity.In recent years,researchers have been committed to the development of composite phase change materials with stable performance,high latent heat and excellent thermal conductivity,making them more promising in the field of construction.At present,the thermal conductivity of composite phase change materials can be greatly improved without leakage by compounding paraffin with different high thermal conductivity materials.The basic thermophysical properties of paraffin-based phase change materials are summarized,and the phase change temperatures of paraffin with different carbon atoms are introduced according to the chemical structure of paraffin.In addition,the phase change process of paraffin is described in detail,and the three ways of macro encapsulation,microcapsule encapsulation and porous material adsorption are mainly discussed for the leakage of paraffin.For the problem of poor thermal conductivity of paraffin,three ways of heat transfer enhancement are discussed,including adding high thermal conductivity materials,using different kinds of inorganic compounds wrapped and immersed in porous high thermal conductivity materials.This lays a foundation for the better application of paraffin-based phase change materials in building materials.In ad

关 键 词：石蜡 相变储能材料 导热性能 封装 建筑应用 

分 类 号：TU599[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]