四川省县级集中式饮用水水源地环境状况及对策  

Environmental Status and Countermeasures of the County-level Centralized Drinking Water Sources in Sichuan Province

作　　者：王鹏[1] 何雪梅 朱盛艳[1] 王斌 范厚江 罗乃菲 WANG Peng;HE Xue-mei;ZHU Sheng-yan;WANG Bin;FAN Hou-jiang;LUO Nai-fei(Division of Quality Management&Inspection,Yibin University,Yibin,Sichuan 644007,China;School of Political Science&Public Administration,Yunrum Minzu University,Kunming 650031,China;Team 141 of Sichuan Coalfield Geology Bureau,Deyang,Sichuan 618000,China)

机构地区：[1]宜宾学院质量管理与检验检测学部,四川宜宾644000 [2]云南民族大学政治与公共管理学院,昆明650031 [3]四川省煤田地质局一四一队,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《四川环境》2022年第4期272-278,共7页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41172119)。

摘　　要：四川省县级集中式饮用水水源地的环境状况关乎到1000多万人口的饮水安全与身体健康,因此有必要掌握其环境状况、制定对应的保护举措。截止2018年底,四川省监测的县级集中饮用水水源地合计221个,以河流型水源地为主(149个),地下水型水源地(43个)略多于湖库型水源地(29个)。三类水源地2018年合计取水120157.83万t,取水量以河流型最大(占比75.40%)、其次为湖库型(占比17.87%)、地下水型最低(占比6.72%)。2018年地表水水源地每季度取水量达标率在97%~100%之间(按Ⅲ类水质标准),普遍高于99%。2018年地下水水源地取水量达标率为100%(按Ⅲ类水质标准)。对全省县级水源地环境状况分析后,发现还存在农业面源污染、生活面源污染、旅游餐饮污染、交通穿越、工业企业及其他等环境问题。针对存在的问题,提出了加强水源地保护区规范建设、积极推进农业面源污染综合防治、加强生活面源污染与旅游餐饮污染防治、加强水源地环境风险防范与应急处置、加强水源地环境保护宣传等对策。The environmental conditions of the county-level centralized drinking water sources in Sichuan Province are related to the safety and health of more than 10 million people. Therefore,it is necessary to master the environmental conditions and formulate corresponding protection measures. By the end of 2018,Sichuan had a total of 221 centralized drinking water sources monitored at the county level,of which were mainly river water sources( 149),and groundwater water sources( 43) were slightly more than lake and reservoir water sources( 29). In 2018,the total water intake of the three types of water sources was120. 5783 million tons, with the river type taking the largest amount( 75. 40%), lake and reservoir type the second( 17. 87%),and groundwater type the lowest( 6. 72%). In 2018,the quarterly water intake from surface water source areas,the compliance rate is between 97% and 100%( according to class Ⅲ water quality standards),generally higher than 99%. In2018,the water intake from groundwater water source areas,the compliance rate is 100%. After analyzing the environmental conditions of the county-level water sources in the whole province,it is found that there were agricultural non-point source pollution,living source pollution,tourism and catering pollution,traffic crossing,industrial enterprises and other environmental problems. In view of the existing problems,countermeasures were put forward,such as strengthening the standard construction of water source protection areas,actively promoting the comprehensive prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution,strengthening the prevention and control of domestic source pollution,strengthening the prevention and control of tourism and catering pollution,strengthening the environmental risk prevention and emergency disposal of water source areas,and strengthening the publicity of environmental protection in water source areas.

关 键 词：集中式饮用水水源地 面源污染 生活污染 旅游餐饮污染 交通穿越 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程] X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]