浅谈超钙铝沉淀法处理化工含氯废水技术  

Discussion on the Treatment Technology of Super Calcium and Aluminum Precipitation Method for Chemical Chlorine-containing Wastewater

作　　者：郭艳亮 Guo Yanliang(Lanzhou Petrochemical Vocational and Technical University,Gansu,730060)

机构地区：[1]兰州石化职业技术大学,甘肃730060

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2022年第15期81-83,共3页Modern Chemical Research

摘　　要：石油、化工行业产生的含氯废水中氯离子的去除难度较大,且废水中的过量氯离子不仅存在腐蚀化工设备管道、造成管线堵塞、引起催化剂中毒失活等工业生产方面的危害,还会对地下水质产生影响,进而破坏生态环境,威胁人体健康。因次,探索一种高效、经济、环保的化工含氯废水除氯技术势在必行。目前,处理化工企业排放含氯废水的方法较多,从无机氯离子本身性质出发考虑,有沉淀方法、电化学方法、离子交换方法、溶剂萃取方法等。超钙铝沉淀法(也称超石灰铝法)是在普通沉淀方法基础上的改进技术,该种方法是向化工含氯废水中加入钙盐和铝盐,其中的钙离子、铝离子与废水中氯离子反应生成弗式盐沉淀Ca_(4)Al_(2)Cl_(2)(OH)_(12),从而去除氯离子,此过程中不会产生二次污染,除氯成本较低,是一种相对经济有效、成本低廉、环境友好的除氯方法,对响应国家号召保护黄河流域生态环境具有重要战略意义。笔者对该种除氯方法作浅显探讨,重点从氯离子来源及危害、超钙氯沉淀法的除氯原理、除氯效率的影响因素等三方面进行浅议,最后对超钙铝沉淀法的应用现状做简单概述,并提出相应思考与建议,以供同行研究者参考。It is difficult to remove chloride ions in the chlorine-containing wastewater generated by the petroleum and chemical industries,and the excess chloride ions in the wastewater not only cause industrial production hazards such as corrosion of chemical equipment pipelines,pipeline blockages,catalyst poisoning,etc.,but also impact underground water quality,thereby destroying the ecological environment and threatening human health.Therefore,it is imperative to explore an efficient,economical and environmentally friendly dechlorination technology for chemical chlorine-containing wastewater.At present,there are many methods for treating chlorine-containing wastewater discharged from chemical enterprises.Considering the nature of inorganic chloride ions,there are precipitation methods,electrochemical methods,ion exchange methods,and solvent extraction methods.The ultra-calcium-aluminum precipitation method(also known as the ultra-lime-aluminum method)is an improved technology based on the ordinary precipitation method,which is to add calcium salt and aluminum salt to chemical chlorine-containing wastewater,and the calcium ions and aluminum ions react with chloride ions in the wastewater to form Freund’s salt precipitation Ca_(4)Al_(2)Cl_(2)(OH)_(12),thereby removing chloride ions.In this process,no secondary pollution will be generated,and the cost of chlorine removal is low.It is a relatively economical,effective,low-cost and environmentally friendly chlorine removal method,which has important strategic significance for responding to the national call to protect the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin.The author made a brief discussion on this kind of chlorine removal method,focusing on three aspects:the source and harm of chloride ions,the principle of chlorine removal by ultra-calcium chloride precipitation method,and the factors affecting the efficiency of chlorine removal.A brief overview of the application status is given,and corresponding thoughts and suggestions are put forward for the reference o

关 键 词：超钙铝沉淀法 含氯废水 弗式盐 超高石灰铝法 环境友好 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]