磁共振扩散加权成像技术在癫痫中的应用进展  

Application progress of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging in epilepsy

作　　者：周乾 张广浩[1,2] 吴昌哲 霍小林 张丞[1,2] ZHOU Qian;ZHANG Guanghao;WU Changzhe;HUO Xiaolin;ZHANG Cheng(Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism,Institute of Electrical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Electrical,Electronics and Communications Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100149,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院电工研究所生物电磁学北京市重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京100149

出　　处：《磁共振成像》2022年第8期104-108,共5页Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:52077209、51977205)。

摘　　要：癫痫是一种由大脑神经元突发性异常放电引起大脑短暂性功能障碍的常见的神经系统慢性疾病,主要临床特征为反复发作性抽搐和运动功能障碍,严重降低了患者的生活质量,因此要对其进行及时诊断和尽早治疗。磁共振扩散加权成像(diffusion weighted imaging,DWI)是一种无创成像技术,可以利用水分子的扩散信息反映出癫痫患者大脑组织微观结构变化。DWI技术自被提出以来不断得到发展,出现了扩散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)、扩散峰度成像(diffusion kurtosis imaging,DKI)及扩散频谱成像(diffusion spectrum imaging,DSI)等技术,在癫痫的诊断和治疗中得到了广泛应用。本文对常见的几种DWI相关技术做简要介绍,并就其在癫痫灶的定位、癫痫的诊断、癫痫的网络研究中的应用进展进行综述。Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disease with transient brain dysfunction caused by sudden abnormal discharge of brain neurons. Its main clinical characteristics are recurrent seizures and motor dysfunction, which seriously reduce the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose and treat it in time as soon as possible. Diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) is a non-invasive imaging technology, which can use the diffusion information of water molecules to reflect the microstructure changes of brain tissue in patients with epilepsy. DWI technology has been continuously developed since it was proposed. Diffusion tensor imaging(DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI) and diffusion spectrum imaging(DSI) have been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. This paper briefly introduces several common DWI related technologies, and summarizes their application progress in the localization of epileptic foci, the diagnosis of epilepsy, and the network research of epilepsy.

关 键 词：癫痫 扩散加权成像 扩散张量成像 扩散峰度成像 扩散频谱成像 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R742.1[医药卫生—诊断学]