基于改进型MPC策略的BLDCM转矩脉动抑制  

Torque Ripple Suppression of Brushless DC Motor Based on Improved MPC Strategy

作　　者：白国长[1] 马超群 娄轲 BAI Guo-chang;MA Chao-qun;LOU Ke(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2022年第8期89-93,共5页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775515)。

摘　　要：针对无刷直流电机在运行过程中产生的换相转矩脉动,提出了一种基于改进型模型预测控制的控制策略。首先对无刷直流电机换相转矩脉动产生的具体原因进行分析,通过对电机位置传感器信号的检测来确定换相的起始时刻,然后利用推导得出的模型预测方程得到非换相相电流和电磁转矩下一时刻的预测值,并在代价函数中最小化上述两个参数预测值的误差平方以此来决定开关管的最佳开关状态,进而使非换相相电流不发生波动,以此来降低转矩脉动。通过仿真和实验得到:当电机负载转矩为1.5 N·m,以3000 r/min高速运行时,转矩脉动率降低约33%;当电机在400 r/min低速运行时,负载转矩为1.5 N·m,转矩脉动率降低了约23%。该控制策略在全速阶段都能够有效抑制电机运行过程中产生的换相转矩脉动。Brushless DC motor will inevitably produce commutation torque pulsation during operation,which severely restricts its application in high-precision servo systems.This paper analyzes the commutation torque ripple generated during the operation of the brushless DC motor,and proposes a control strategy based on the improved model predictive control according to the specific reasons.Determine the start time of commutation by detecting the rising/falling edge of the Hall signal of the motor position sensor,and then use the derived model prediction equation to obtain the predicted value of the non-commutated current and electromagnetic torque at the next moment,and In the cost function,the error square of the predicted values of the above two parameters is minimized to determine the optimal switching state of the switching tube,so that the non-commutated current does not fluctuate,thereby reducing torque ripple.Through simulation and experiment,it is obtained:when the motor load torque is 1.5 N·m and it runs at 3000 r/min high speed,the torque ripple rate is reduced by about 33%;when the motor runs at low speed 400 r/min,the load torque is 1.5 N·m,the torque ripple rate is reduced by about 23%.The experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively suppress the commutation torque pulsation generated during the operation of the motor at the full speed stage.

关 键 词：无刷直流电机 换相转矩脉动 转矩脉动抑制 模型预测控制 非换相相电流 

分 类 号：TH165[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]