楠竹材表面硅烷化及防水/油润湿和渗透的特性  

Silylation of Moso Bamboo(Phyllostachys Edulis)Surface and Preventable Wettability and Penetration for Water and Oil

作　　者：路少伟 蹇玉兰 三福华 刘远贵 柴希娟[1] 徐开蒙[1] 解林坤[1] LU Shao-wei;JIAN Yu-lan;SAN Fu-hua;LIU Yuan-gui;CHAI Xi-juan;XU Kai-meng;XIE Lin-kun(Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学云南省木材胶黏剂及胶合制品重点实验室,昆明650224

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第8期443-451,459,共10页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760184,31660179,32060381);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(202110677009)。

摘　　要：目的斥油材料表面通常采用氟化合物来修饰,为了减小氟化合物对人体健康和生态环境带来的潜在危害,探索研究含氟化合物的替代品,采用无氟化合物制备防水、防油润湿和渗透的功能化竹材。方法以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)为功能化单体,将浓度为0.1 mol/L的盐酸与MTMS按照体积比1∶4混合,在盛有冰浴的超声波中进行水解,将竹材试样放入水解后的溶液中浸渍5 min,取出放置30 min后在103℃条件下烘干。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析改性竹材的表面性能。采用接触角测量仪分析功能化竹材的润湿性,考察随着浸泡时间的延长,其吸水率和吸油率的变化规律。通过动态热机械分析仪(DMA)分析改性竹材的动态热力学性能。结果处理后竹材表面出现了较强的Si-CH_(3)特征吸收峰,-OH吸收峰强度与对照样相比有所减弱。采用水解时间不同的MTMS溶液浸渍处理竹材,竹材表面的Si元素含量均保持在24%左右,但C元素含量随着水解时间的增加而增加,而O元素含量则略有减小。当MTMS的水解时间由5 min延长至240 min时,改性竹材的水接触角由65.3°±2.2°增加到81.5°±0.9°,水接触角的静置稳定性随着水解时间的延长而提高。油接触角和静置稳定性受水解时间的影响较小,采用不同水解时间改性竹材样品后其油接触角为(49.0°±1.0°)~(53.1°±0.4°),静置480 min后,其值的降幅在2.6°以内,表明改性竹材表面具有极为稳定的防油渗透性能。竹材表面形成了均匀致密的硅氧聚合物涂层,其吸水率和吸油率会随着水解时间的延长而减小。动态热机械分析结果表明,改性竹材的储能模量和耐高温性得到增强。结论在酸性条件下将水解的MTMS溶液浸渍处理竹材后,竹材表面具有防水、防油润湿的特性,同时提高了竹材的储能模量和耐高温性能。Enhancing the resistance of bamboo to weathering and natural degradation and extending its service life,one approach is to reduce water absorption and oil contamination on the bamboo surface.Fabrication of oil-repellent surfaces are usually modified with fluorinating compounds,which are assumed to be associated with significant health and ecological environment concerns.In order to identify alternatives to fluorinated agents,the bamboo of prevented wettability and penetration for water and oil were created with fluorine-free chemicals.Methyltrimethoxysilane(MTMS)was used to the functional monomer and mixed it with 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid in a 1∶4(V/V)ratio,and then the mixture was sonicated in an ice-bath for 5-240 minutes to carry out hydrolysis.The bamboo samples were submerged in the hydrolyzed MTMS solution for 5 minutes,after coating,bamboo samples were cured for 30 minutes under room temperature and dried in an oven at 103℃.The surface chemical performance of bamboo samples before and after modification was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and the microscopic morphology was observed by Scanning electron microscope(SEM).The wettability of the bamboo surfaces was studied using an optical contact angle goniometer and liquid uptake was measured by immersing the bamboo samples separately into water and edible oil.The dynamic thermal mechanical properties of bamboo samples were analyzed by the Dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA).Results show that the MTMS-coated bamboo surfaces presented strong absorption peak of Si—CH_(3),and the intensity of the—OH absorption peak reduced compared with the control sample.The Si element composition on the bamboo surfaces of MTMS-coated did not change significantly with prolonged hydrolysis time and the content was about 24%,but the C element composition increased and the O element composition reduced slightly with the increase of hydrolysis time.The water contact angle increased from(65.3°±2.2°)to(81.

关 键 词：楠竹材 甲基三甲氧基硅烷 水解 硅烷化 表面性能 润湿渗透 

分 类 号：S781.9[农业科学—木材科学与技术]