叶片质量失谐下整体叶盘的振动响应特性研究  

Vibration response characteristics of integral blade disc under blade mass detuning

作　　者：杨铮鑫 卞天天 党鹏飞 YANG Zheng-xin;BIAN Tian-tian;DANG Peng-fei(College of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Engineering,Shenyang 110142,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学机械动力工程学院,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《机电工程》2022年第8期1138-1144,共7页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12002219,11702178);辽宁省教育厅一般项目(LQ2019008,LQ2020015)。

摘　　要：叶片—轮盘结构(整体叶盘结构)是叶轮机械中的关键结构,在整体叶盘中,由于叶片质量的分布不均,会产生叶片质量失谐、振动局部化等问题,为此,对失谐整体叶盘的振动响应特性规律进行了研究。首先,采用集中质量分析法,建立了整体叶盘物理模型,推导了含有单个叶片质量失谐的响应方程,绘制出了不同叶盘参数下的幅频特性曲线;然后,采用有限元分析法,建立了不同叶片厚度的整体叶盘三维有限元模型,应用ANSYS对其振动响应特性进行了分析,并绘制出了叶片质量失谐的整体叶盘幅频特性图;最后,对两种不同分析方法所得到的失谐整体叶盘幅频特性曲线进行了比较,总结出了各项参数对系统振动特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:单个叶片质量失谐会使系统响应峰值由2.7 mm激增至3.5 mm,并出现多余的波峰;低耦合R=0.1条件下,系统激振频率变化范围更广,大约在550 Hz~650 Hz;通过揭示失谐整体叶盘振动响应规律,可更好地指导叶轮机械的设计及其优化。The blade-disc structure(the integral blade disc structure)is the key structure in the impeller machinery.Aiming at the problems of blade mass detuning and vibration localization caused by uneven blade mass distribution in the integral blade disk,the vibration response characteristics of the detuning integral blade disk were studied.Firstly,the lumped mass analysis method was used to establish the physical model of the integral blade disk,deduced the response equation containing the mass detuning of a single blade,and drawn the amplitude frequency characteristic curves under different disc parameters.Then,the three-dimensional finite element model of integral blade disk with different blade thickness was established by using the finite element analysis method.The vibration response characteristics were analyzed by ANSYS,and the amplitude frequency characteristic diagram of the overall blade disk with blade mass detuning was drawn.Finally,the amplitude frequency characteristic curves of detuning integral blade disc obtained by two different analysis methods were compared,and the influence law of various parameters on the vibration characteristics of the system was summarized.The results show that the mass detuning of a single blade will make the peak response of the system surge from 2.7 mm to 3.5 mm,and there are redundant peaks.Under the condition of low coupling,the excitation frequency of the system varies more widely,about 550 Hz~650 Hz.By revealing the vibration response law of detuning integral blade disk,it can better guide the design and transformation of turbomachinery.

关 键 词：叶轮机械 叶片质量失谐 整体叶盘结构 振动响应特性 幅频特性 集中质量分析 有限元模型 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH45[动力工程及工程热物理] TK05