舟山渔场潮间带沉积物重金属形态分布特征及生态风险分析  

Speciation distribution and ecological risk of heavy metals in the intertidal sediments of Zhoushan Fishing Ground

作　　者：柴小平 母清林 佘运勇 王红光 王晓华 王剑 CHAI Xiaoping;MU Qinglin;SHE Yunyong;WANG Hongguang;WANG Xiaohua;WANG Jian(Zhejiang Marine Ecology and Environment Monitoring Center,Zhoushan Zhejiang 316021)

机构地区：[1]浙江省海洋生态环境监测中心,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2022年第8期1054-1060,1067,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：舟山市公益类科技项目(No.2017C32076)。

摘　　要：为了研究舟山渔场潮间带沉积物重金属污染程度,采用BCR连续提取法分析了7种重金属(Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Cr、As)形态含量,重点讨论了其总量和赋存形态的分布特征、影响因素及生态风险。结果表明,舟山渔场潮间带沉积物中Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr和As分别为0.131、26.2、35.1、94.2、38.8、77.9、18.6 mg/kg。重金属总量的空间分布总体表现为海盐(CJ10)断面较低,镇海(CJ09)断面较高。Cu、Cr、As分别有40.0%、60.0%、40.0%断面超过《海洋沉积物质量》(GB 18668—2002)Ⅰ类标准。形态分析表明,不同重金属元素之间的形态组成差异较大,其中Cd以酸提取态为主,Pb以可还原态为主,Cu的可提取态和残渣态比例相当,Zn、Ni、Cr、As则以残渣态为主。通过分析归一化的重金属数据,认为Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr和As主要来自岩石风化等自然源,且环境变化对其迁移转化影响较小;而Cd和Pb虽然主要也源于自然过程,但pH或溶解氧等环境变化对其迁移转化有重要影响,且CJ09断面存在人为污染的痕迹。Concerns have been raised on the heavy metals pollution in the intertidal sediments.The contents of seven heavy metals(Cd,Cu,Pb,Zn,Ni,Cr and As)and their existing forms,influencing factors and ecological risks of intertidal sediments of Zhoushan Fishing Ground were analyzed by the BCR protocol.The contents of Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr and As were 0.131,26.2,35.1,94.2,38.8,77.9 and 18.6 mg/kg,respectively.The spatial distribution of different heavy metals was very similar,that was,the contents were low near Haiyan(CJ10)section and they were high in Zhenhai(CJ09)section.The proportions of section exceeding the“Marine sediment quality”(GB 18668-2002)levelⅠfor Cu,Cr and As were 40.0%,60.0%and 40.0%,respectively.The main components of different heavy metals varied greatly.The dominant proportion of Cd was acid soluble form,and that of Pb was reducible form.Zn,Ni,Cr and As were most present in residual form whereas Cu was evenly distributed in residual form and extractable form.The metal source analysis through normalization found that Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr and As were mainly generated from the nature process,and the impact from the environment variation to the transportation were limited.Cd and Pb also generated from natural sources,however,they were more sensitive to the environment variation such as pH and DO.And it was also found that some sections were contaminated by human activities like C09 section.

关 键 词：潮间带 沉积物 重金属 BCR 生态风险 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]