法国促进人口再生产政策的制度导向及其镜鉴  

On the Institutional Orientation and Its Reference of French Policies to Promote Population Reproduction

作　　者：张金岭[1,2] ZHANG Jinling

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学政府管理学院,北京100102 [2]中国社会科学院欧洲研究所/马克思主义与欧洲文明研究中心,北京100732

出　　处：《社会保障研究》2022年第3期73-83,共11页Social Security Studies

基　　金：中国社会科学院欧洲研究所创新工程“欧洲大国与次区域模式比较研究”(2021OZSA02)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：如何推进配套政策与支持措施改革,以激发育龄人群生育意愿,是我国实现“三孩”新政目标的关键。过去十余年间生育率持续位居欧洲首位的法国,在鼓励生育方面所探索的一系列机制举措值得借鉴。家庭一直是法国促进人口再生产中最为核心的政策单位,也是该国倚重的一个重要的治理平台。面向家庭的诸多政策有效地贯通多个社会领域,有助于应对相关社会问题、提升公共服务、维系社会平等与团结等。在此框架下,法国设有较为完备的以家庭为单位的促进人口再生产的津贴体系,它几乎可以覆盖到一个孩子不同成长阶段的各类需求,同时法国还重视鼓励生育的机制安排与设施建设,从而形成了立体多元的政策体系。法国的诸多政策实践可为我国当下在促进人口再生产方面完善制度设计、统筹政策配套、形成政策合力提供镜鉴。How to promote the reform of supporting policies and measures to stimulate the willingness of childbearing-age people to have children is the key element to realize the goal of the"three children"policy in China.In this regard,France,which has consistently ranked first in terms of fertility rate in Europe over the past decade,has explored a series of mechanisms and measures to encourage fertility that are worth learning.The family has always been the core policy unit in promoting population reproduction in France,and it is also an important governance platform that France relies on.Many family-oriented policies effectively coordinate various social domains,helping to respond to related social problems,improve public services,and maintain social equality and solidarity.Under this framework,France has a relatively comprehensive family-based allowance system to promote population reproduction,which can cover almost all kinds of needs of a child at different growth stages,and also it attaches great importance to some corresponding institutional arrangements and facility construction aiming to encourage fertility,thus forming a multidimensional policy system in terms of population reproduction.French practice can provide some experience reference for China to improve system design,coordinate policy support,and form policy synergy in promoting population reproduction.

关 键 词：人口再生产 法国 家庭政策 津贴制度 多元政策合力 

分 类 号：C924.565[社会学—人口学]