图书馆权利的受益权功能研究  

Study on the Beneficial Power of Library Rights

作　　者：燕辉[1] Yan Hui

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学图书馆

出　　处：《图书馆建设》2022年第3期17-26,共10页Library Development

基　　金：陕西省图书馆学会2019年课题“图书馆权利保障中的国家义务研究”的阶段性成果,项目编号:191016。

摘　　要：图书馆所具有的基础性、公益性、公共性等特点决定了国家在图书馆权利保障中的义务主体地位,图书馆自由权层面所具有的防御权功能需要国家履行消极不作为的尊重义务,而图书馆权利平等权层面所具有的受益权属性则要求国家积极作为履行给付义务。基于国内图书馆发展不均衡的情况以及图书馆权利自身所具有的积极权利属性可知,受益权功能是图书馆权利的主体性功能,其本质是为了改善图书馆发展不均衡的现状、缩小因经济发展不均衡带来的数字鸿沟,进而实现社会实质平等。图书馆权利的受益权功能内容比较丰富,包括国家予以物质经济、基础设施、技术、服务规范、政策等方面的支持。现有关于图书馆的立法内容多是对国家给付进行原则上的规定,具有政策导向性和指导性,需要下一级立法予以更进一步的具化和细化,从而使其具有可操作性。The library with its fundamentality, nonproft and service for the general public determines the obligatory subject status of the state in the protection of library rights. The library rights is passive right, it needs the state to create conditions to promote the library’s development,and the state is the major obligation subject. While according to the benefcial power of library rights, the state should fulfll the obligation of payment actively. Based on the unbalanced development of libraries in China and the positive property of library rights, we can know that the benefcial power is a main power of library rights. The essence is to improve the current situation of unbalanced development, narrow the digital gap caused by economic development, and then realize the social equality. The benefcial power of library rights includes the state provides support in material economy, infrastructure, technology, service standard and policy. The existing legislation of library is mostly the provision of the state payment in principle, which is policy oriented and guided, and it needs further elaboration and refnement in the next level of legislation to make it operable.

关 键 词：图书馆权利 受益权功能 国家给付义务 

分 类 号：G250[文化科学—图书馆学]