城市交通运行状况对机动车碳排放的影响研究  

Impact of Urban Traffic Operations on Vehicle Carbon Dioxide Emission

作　　者：冯海霞 王兴渝 咸化彩[1] 刘新华 李健 宁二伟 FENG Hai-xia;WANG Xing-yu;XIAN Hua-cai;LIU Xin-hua;LI Jian;NING Er-wei(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Shandong Jiaotong University,Jinan 250357,China;Jinan Motor Vehicle Pollution Control and Monitoring Center,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东交通学院,交通与物流工程学院,济南250357 [2]济南市机动车污染防治监控中心,济南250101

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2022年第4期167-175,共9页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52102412);山东省重点研发计划(软科学项目)(2021RKY07128);济南市“高校20条”资助项目(2019GXRC022)。

摘　　要：为定量分析不同城市交通运行状况对机动车碳排放的影响,利用高德平台提供的拥堵延时指数(Congestion Delay Index,CDI)数据,在分析我国交通拥堵城市时空分布特征以及CDI特征的基础上,通过构建基于速度的CO_(2)排放因子,利用VISSIM模拟不同交通运行状况时的交通量,实现不同交通运行状况下机动车碳排放的估算。结果显示:交通拥堵城市分布具有空间依赖性和聚集性,在长三角经济区和珠三角经济区形成两个高聚集中心;CDI具有明显的周期性(7 d)波动规律,且受天气和人类活动等的影响较大,疫情打破了此规律;城市交通运行状况(CDI)对机动车CO_(2)排放有较大的影响,当交通处于轻度拥堵时(CDI为1.582),交通高峰期我国城市机动车年排放的CO_(2)总量约为0.77亿t,是畅通状态下的4.51倍;当交通保持基本畅通时(CDI为1.35),交通高峰期我国城市机动车CO_(2)年排放总量可减少0.29亿t;当交通达到中度拥堵时(CDI为1.909),交通高峰期我国城市机动车CO_(2)的年排放增加0.22亿t;当处于交通严重拥堵时(CDI达2.394),交通高峰期我国城市机动车CO_(2)的年排放总量可达1.33亿t。改善城市交通运行状况,可大幅度降低机动车的CO_(2)排放量。To quantitatively analyze the impact of traffic operation conditions in different cities on motor vehicle carbon emission,this study first used the congestion delay index(CDI)data provided by a map big data platform to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and CDI characteristics traffic congestion of major cities in China.A speed-based CO_(2)emission factor was constructed,and VISSIM software was used to simulate different traffic operation conditions and the corresponding motor vehicle carbon emissions.The results indicate:the distribution of traffic congestion cities is spatially dependent and aggregated,and two high aggregation centers have been found in the Yangtze River Delta economic zone and the Pearl River Delta economic zone;the CDI has an obvious 7-day periodic fluctuation law,which is greatly affected by weather and human activities and broken by the epidemic situation;Urban traffic conditions have a significant impact on CO_(2)emission of motor vehicles.When the traffic is in mild congestion(CDI is 1.582),the total annual CO_(2)emission of urban motor vehicles in China during rush hours is about 77 million tons,which is 4.51 times that in unimpeded conditions;When the traffic can keep basically unimpeded(CDI is 1.35),the total annual CO_(2)emission can be reduced by 29 million tons;When the traffic reaches moderate congestion(CDI is 1.909),the total annual CO_(2)emission of urban motor vehicles in China during rush hours can be increased by 22 million tons;when the traffic is in serious congestion(CDI up to 2.394),the total annual CO_(2)emission of urban motor vehicles in China can reach 133 million tons during rush hours.Improving urban traffic operation can significantly reduce CO_(2)emission of motor vehicle emissions.

关 键 词：交通工程 机动车碳排放 拥堵延时指数 城市交通运行状况 VISSIM模拟 时空特征 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]