缓解城市热岛效应的硬质景观设计方法研究综述  

A Review of Research on Hard Landscape Design Methods to Mitigate Urban Heat Island Effect

作　　者：李丹宁 刘东云[1,2] 王鑫 LI Danning;LIU Dongyun;WANG Xin(the School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University;LAURSTUDIO)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院 [2]LAURSTUDIO

出　　处：《风景园林》2022年第8期71-78,共8页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：北京林业大学科技创新计划(编号2021ZY35)。

摘　　要：在城市环境中,硬质景观具有表面温度高、显热通量大的特点,对城市的小气候条件、整体的绿地品质、居民的游憩质量和热舒适度有着一定的负面影响,在一定程度上加剧了城市热岛(UHI)效应。因此,对城市硬质景观的设计优化十分重要。通过文献梳理对近年来国内外相关研究进行了系统回顾,总结了减轻UHI效应不利影响的四大硬质景观设计方法,包括空间几何形态设计、使用凉爽材料、搭配软质景观、外部机械降温。并针对以上方法的降温机制、环境适用条件、现状研究缺陷和未来发展方向进行了探讨,旨在厘清硬质景观的热效应研究进展,为城市微气候环境的改善和可持续城市景观的设计提供参考。Characterized by high surface temperature and large sensible heat flux,urban hard landscape has a certain negative impact on urban microclimate conditions,overall quality of green space,and recreational quality and thermal comfort of residents,thus aggravating urban heat island(UHI)effect to some extent.Therefore,it is of vital importance to optimize the the design of hard urban landscape.Based on the combing of relevant literature,this research systematically reviews relevant research at home and abroad in recent years.It summarizes four hard landscape design methods to reduce the adverse impacts of UHI effect,including space geometry design,adoption of cool materials,collocation with soft landscape and external mechanical cooling.In addition,the research discusses the cooling mechanism,applicable environmental conditions,current research defects and future development direction of the above methods,aiming to clarify the research progress of the thermal effect of hard landscape,and provide reference for the improvement of urban microclimate environment and the design of sustainable urban landscape.

关 键 词：城市热岛(UHI)效应 硬质景观 凉爽材料 遮阴降温 蒸发冷却 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]