基于六个高代回交群体玉米叶形结构相关性状的杂种优势研究  

Investigation into the Heterosis of Leaf Morphological Traits of Using Six Advanced Generation Backcross Populations in Maize

作　　者：张全艳 杨得正 张培高[2] 徐春霞[2] 王晶 刘丽[2,3] ZHANG Quanyan;YANG Dezheng;ZHANG Peigao;XU Chunxia;WANG Jing;LIU Li;无(School of Agriculture Yunnan University,Kunming 650504,China;Institute of Food Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学农学院,昆明650504 [2]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,昆明650205 [3]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《种子》2022年第7期9-15,共7页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31661143004和31060192);主要粮食作物分子设计育种项目(2016 YFD 0101803);云南大学研究生科研创新基金项目(201915)。

摘　　要：本研究基于项目组前期构建的三角形杂种优势新模式,从Suwan 1群、Reid群和非Reid群中选择3个最具有代表性的自交系Y 46、Y 107和MON 2,构建了六个高代回交群体,分析各群体叶长、叶宽和叶夹角等叶形结构相关性状的遗传差异及杂种优势。结果表明,六个高代回交群体的叶长、叶宽及叶夹角均存在显著差异,其中Y 46与Y 107组配的高代回交群体叶形结构相关性状均显著高于Y 46与MON 2和Y 107与MON 2组配的群体,且Y 46与MON 2组配的正反交群体间各性状差异均较大。Y 107与MON 2组配的高代回交群体其叶形结构相关性状的杂种优势较强,Y 46与MON 2群体杂种优势较弱,Y 46与Y 107群体杂种优势介于二者之间。在三角形杂种优势模式中,Reid×非Reid杂种优势较强,Suwan 1×Reid杂种优势次之,Suwan 1×非Reid杂种优势较弱。研究表明,Reid×非Reid是培育理想株型新品种的重要杂种优势模式,建议在高密度品种选育中优先选用。Through a new model of triangular heterosis based on the preliminary construction of the project team,this study selected the representative inbred lines of three heterosis groups including Y 46,Y 107 and MON 2 from the Group Suwan 1,Group Reid and Group Non-Reid to construct six advanced generation backcross populations(namely BC_(1)F_(7∶8))and investigate into the genetic difference and heterosis of leaf morphological traits including leaf length(LL),leaf width(LW)and leaf angle(LA).The results showed that there were significant differences in LL,LW and LA traits among six BC_(1)F_(7∶8) populations.The leaf morphological traits of BC_(1)F_(7∶8) populations of Y 46 to Y 107 were higher than those of Y 46 to MON 2 and Y 107 to MON 2.What’s more,there were relatively big difference in each trait between crossing and reciprocal crossing populations combined by Y 46 to MON 2.As for the heterosis,the leaf morphological traits of the Y 107 to MON 2 populations was strongest,and the BC_(1)F_(7∶8) populations derived from Y 46 and MON 2 was inferior.The combination Y 46 to Y107 populations were between the above two.This means that the heterosis of leaf morphological traits of Reid to Non-Reid was strongest,Suwan 1 to Reid ranked at the middle,and Suwan 1 to Non-Reid was inferior in the triangular heterosis group pattern.Therefore,the heterosis pattern of Reid to Non-Reid should be the principal choice to cross for screening ideotype maize hybrids with resistance to high-density in breeding program.

关 键 词：玉米 高代回交群体 叶形结构相关性状 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]