降香黄檀不同种源/家系种质差异研究  

Study on the Differences of Germplasm Resources of Dalbergia odorifera from Different Families

作　　者：罗水兴[1] 郭俊誉[1] 孙冰[1] 裴男才[1] 林明平[1] 李小飞[1] LUO Shuixing;GUO Junyu;SUN Bing;PEI Nancai;LIN Mingping;LI Xiaofei(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou Guangdong 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520

出　　处：《种子》2022年第7期27-34,41,共9页Seed

基　　金：中国林科院基本科研业务费专项项目;热带树木园红木树种资源收集与保存技术研究项目(CAFYBB 2019 SY 022)。

摘　　要：本研究比较了广东、广西、海南3省10个市(县)不同产地66个家系种质间的差异,并进行相关性状和主成分分析,结果表明,10个产地66家系降香黄檀种子性状及幼苗生长具有丰富变异,种子性状变异系数为8.99%~25.28%,幼苗性状变异系数为8.49%~33.03%,种子性状中荚果千粒重(22.34%)、去翅荚果千粒重(23.8%)、出种率(20.17%)、种子千粒重(25.28%)、种子厚(14.20%)、种子发芽率(16.11%)变异系数较大,幼苗性状中幼苗高(15.71%)、根干重(22.62%)、茎干重(33.03%)、叶干重(27.87%)变异系数较大,可作为育种和优良单株选择重要性状指标。相关性分析显示,种子千粒重与荚果(长、宽、千粒重)、种子(长、宽、厚)呈显著正相关;发芽率与出种率、种子千粒重、种长、种厚呈显著正相关;苗高、地径及幼苗地上干重均与种子千粒重、种长呈显著正相关;幼苗根干重与种子性状的相关性均未达到显著水平。此外,降香黄檀种质受地理位置因素的显著影响,年均温与荚果、种子大小和种子发芽率呈显著正相关;降雨量与出种率呈显著负相关;海拔与种子千粒重、发芽率亦呈显著正相关。主成分综合评价结果表明,10个产地66个家系中表现最优的5个家系为海南东方8号、广州热林2号、广东茂名2号、广东茂名1号、海南东方11号,表现最差的5个家系为海南白沙1号、海南尖峰4号、海南白沙12号、海南尖峰2号、海南尖峰1号。Dalbergia odorifera is the most representative species in the popularization and planting of precious tree species in South China.Since its own heartwood formation was extremely slow,there was currently no effective way to artificially promote the formation of its own heartwood,so the selection and breeding of good germplasm resources was particularly important.This study compared the germplasm differences of 66 families from different producing areas in 10 cities/counties in 3 provinces like Guangdong,Guangxi and Hainan,and carried out correlation analysis and principal component analysis.The results showed that there were rich variations in seed traits and seedling growth of Dalbergia odorifera from 66 families in 10 producing areas.The coefficient of variation of seed traits was 8.99%-25.28%,the coefficient of variation of seedling traits was 8.49%-33.03%.Among all seed traits,the coefficient of variation of thousand-grain weight of pod(22.34%),thousand-grain weight without wings(23.80%),seed percentage(20.17%),thousand-grain weight(25.28%),seed thickness(14.20%),and germination rate(16.11%)was larger,and the coefficient of variation of plant height(15.71%),root dry weight(22.62%),stem dry weight(33.03%),and leaf dry weight(28.87%)in seedling traits was larger,which could be used as the important indictors breeding and selecting escellent single plant.Correlation analysis showed that the thousand grain weigh was significantly positively correlated with pods(length,width,thousand grain weigh)and seeds(length,width,thickness).Germination rate was significantly positively correlated with seed percentage,thousand grain weigh,seed length,and seed thickness.Plant height,ground diameter,and dry weight of seedlings above ground were significantly positively correlated with seed thousand-grain weight and seed length.The correlation of seedling root dry weight and seed traits did not reach significant levels.In addition,Dalbergia odorifera germplasm was also significantly affected by geographical factors.Annual average

关 键 词：降香黄檀 种质 家系 幼苗性状 相关性 

分 类 号：S792.28[农业科学—林木遗传育种]