基因编辑技术在蔬菜中的研究进展  

Research Progress in Vegetables Gene Editing Technology

作　　者：唐笑 王桂香[1] 刘凡[1] 韩硕[1] 宗梅[1] 郭宁[1] 段蒙蒙 TANG Xiao;WANG Guixiang;LIU Fan;HAN Shuo;ZONG Mei;GUO Ning;DUAN Mengmeng(Vegetable Research Institute of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Creation of Horticultural Crops(North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所,农业农村部华北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,蔬菜种质改良北京市重点实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2022年第8期17-30,共14页China Vegetables

基　　金：北京市农林科学院创新能力建设项目(KJCX20200401,KJCX20200113,KYCX202106-01);国家自然科学基金项目(31972401)。

摘　　要：基因编辑技术是一种可以通过靶向敲除、替换以及插入目的基因来改变生物性状的新兴技术。作为精准和高效的基因工程方法,基因编辑技术克服了传统育种技术受种间生殖隔离的限制、不良基因连锁的影响、育种年限长等技术瓶颈,具有巨大的应用潜力。本文主要综述了基因编辑技术的发展历程,总结归纳了基因编辑技术在茄科、十字花科、葫芦科等主要蔬菜作物基因功能和性状改良上的研究进展,讨论了在不同蔬菜作物中基因编辑技术应用的难点和对策,从而为基因编辑技术在蔬菜中的广泛应用提供参考。Gene editing is an emerging technology modifying biological traits by knocking out,replacing and inserting target genes.As an accurate and efficient genetic engineering method,gene editing technology has overcome the restriction of interspecific reproductive isolation on traditional breeding,influence of adverse gene linkage,and technical bottleneck of long breeding fixed number of years,etc.Therefore,it has huge application potential.This paper reviewed the development history of gene editing technology;summarized the research progress of gene editing technology in gene function and trait improvement of vegetable crops,including Solanaceae,Cruciferae,Cucurbitaceae,etc.;and discussed the difficulties and countermeasures in applying gene editing technology for different vegetable crops,so as to provide references for wide application of gene editing technology in vegetables.

关 键 词：基因编辑 蔬菜育种 性状改良 CRISPR 研究进展 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学]