不同有机生态型无土栽培方式对基质特性和西瓜产量及品质影响  

Effects of Different Organic Ecotypes Soilless Cultivation on Substrate Characteristics and Watermelon Yield and Quality

作　　者：王勤礼[1,2] 闫芳 华军[1,4] 王增君 边开奇[1,3] 张文斌 夏叶 WANG Qinli;YAN Fang;HUA Jun;WANG Zengjun;BIAN Kaiqi;ZHANG Wenbin;XIA Ye(Gansu Engineering Research Center for Resource Utilization of SMS,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China;Engineering&Technical Research Center for Greenhouse Vegetable in Hexi Corridor,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China;Linze Fenjun Mining Co.,Ltd.,Linze 734200,Gansu,China;Economic Crops Technology Extending Stations,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Zhangye,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]河西学院甘肃省食用菌菌糠资源化利用工程研究中心,甘肃张掖734000 [2]河西学院河西走廊设施蔬菜工程技术研究中心,甘肃张掖734000 [3]临泽县奋君矿业有限公司,甘肃临泽734200 [4]张掖市经济作物技术推广站,甘肃张掖734000 [5]张掖市农业农村局,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2022年第8期92-95,共4页China Vegetables

基　　金：甘肃省教育厅:产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-43);临泽县人民政府开放课题(LZKFKT-2001);陇原青年创新创业人才团队项目(2021LQTD23)。

摘　　要：以菌糠栽培基质为原材料,选用枕栽、平栽、槽栽、穴栽4种栽培方式,研究不同栽培方式对荒漠区有机生态型无土栽培基质理化性质和西瓜生长、产量、品质的影响。结果表明,栽培1茬西瓜后,槽栽方式的基质理化指标综合表现最优,西瓜产量最高,果实中心含糖量达11.26%,但投入成本最高,定植前一次性投入达10496.80元·(667 m^(2))^(-1)。平栽方式的西瓜产量仅次于槽栽,但一次性投入成本最低,仅为2328.00元·(667 m^(2))^(-1)。因此,在选择含糖量较高的西瓜品种,增施生物有机肥的条件下,平栽可作为荒漠区西瓜有机生态型无土栽培低成本投入的首选栽培方式。Taking bacterial bran culture substrate as raw material and choosing 4 cultivation methods as pillow planting,flat planting,trough planting and hole planting,this paper studied the effects of different cultivation methods on physical and chemical properties of organic ecotype soilless culture substrate in desert area;and on watermelon growth,yield and quality.The results showed that after the first crop of watermelon was cultivated,the comprehensive performance of physical and chemical indexes in trough planting was optimal and watermelon yield was the highest.The sugar content in fruit center was 11.26%,but the input cost was also the highest.The one-time input before planting was 157452.00 yuan·hm^(-2).The yield of watermelon in plain planting was lower than that in trough planting,but the one-time input cost was the lowest,only 34920.00 yuan·hm^(-2).Therefore,when watermelon with high sugar content was choosen and under the condition of increasing bio-organic fertilizer,flat planting could be the preferred cultivation method with low cost for organic ecological soilless cultivation of watermelon in desert areas.

关 键 词：荒漠区 有机生态型 无土栽培 西瓜 产量 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]