MOFs基核壳结构电磁波吸收材料研究进展  

Overview of Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Materials with Core-Shell Structure Based on MOFs

作　　者：姜超 华楚侨 温变英[1] JIANG Chao;HUA Chuqiao;WEN Bianying(College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学化学与材料工程学院,北京100048

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第16期199-208,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金暨北京市教委科技计划重点项目(KZ202110011018)。

摘　　要：电子设备的广泛应用在给人们生活带来方便的同时也造成了严重的电磁干扰和电磁辐射污染问题。开发更轻、更薄、吸收频率更宽的高效电磁波吸收材料,对维持设备的正常运行和保障人们的身体健康具有重要意义。金属-有机骨架(Metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)材料是由金属离子或金属团簇与有机配体结合形成的一维或多维结构的一类化合物。MOFs具有超大的比表面积、有序的可进入空腔以及可调的组成和结构等特点,通过对其进行高温煅烧可以制备出具有特殊微观结构的轻质多孔碳材料,其中包含了因煅烧而产生的金属和金属氧化物纳米粒子。此种多孔碳材料因具有丰富的电磁损耗机制而拥有了优异的吸波性能和吸收带宽,因而受到了研究者的关注。本文从结构、性能和制备方法等方面综述了MOFs基核壳结构吸波材料在电磁波吸收领域的研究进展。首先介绍了不同MOFs基核壳结构吸波材料的微观结构及其吸波性能和机理,然后归纳了不同类型MOFs基核壳结构吸波材料的制备方法,最后对目前MOFs基核壳结构吸波材料制备和应用中亟待解决的问题进行了总结,以期为MOFs在电磁波吸收领域的研究和应用提供参考。The wide application of electronic equipment brings convenience to people’s life but also causes serious problems of electromagnetic interfe-rence and electromagnetic radiation pollution. Therefore,the development of lighter,thinner and more efficient electromagnetic wave absorbing materials with a wider absorption frequency is of great significance to maintain the normal operation of the equipment and protect the health of the people.The metal-organic frameworks( MOFs) are a kind of compound that combine metal ions or metal clusters with organic ligands to form one-dimensional or multi-dimensional structures. MOFs are characterized by extra large specific surface area,ordered accessible cavities,tunability of composition and structure. By calcining MOFs at high temperature,light porous carbon-based materials with unique microstructure can be prepared,which contain metal and metal oxide nanoparticles produced by calcination. Such porous carbon-based materials possess excellent wave absorption performance and absorption bandwidth due to their rich electromagnetic loss mechanism,which has attracted the attention of researchers.In this paper,the research progress of MOFs-based core-shell structure absorbing materials used in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption is reviewed from the perspectives of structure,performance and preparation methods. Firstly,the microstructures,electromagnetic wave absorption performances and the corresponding absorbing mechanism of different MOFs-based composites are introduced. And then,their preparation methods are summarized. Finally,the current problems that need to be solved of the electromagnetic wave absorbing materials with coreshell structures based on MOFs are overviewed. It is expected to provide a reference for the research and application of such composites in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption.

关 键 词：金属有机骨架 核壳结构 吸波材料 制备方法 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]