海带配子体预发育适宜光照强度、密度和发育程度研究  

Studying on suitable light intensity,cultivation density and development degree for the gametophyte advance development of Saccharina japonica

作　　者：张喜昌 赵宁宁 刘剑波 冷晓飞 王发盛 ZHANG Xichang;ZHAO Ningning;LIU Jianbo;LENG Xiaofei;WANG Fasheng(Dalian Haibao Fishery Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116045,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海宝渔业有限公司,辽宁大连116045

出　　处：《渔业研究》2022年第4期345-355,共11页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：辽宁省中央引导地方科技发展专项项目(2021JH6/10500303);大连市支持高层次人才创新创业项目(2020RT19).

摘　　要：研究海带(Saccharina japonica)配子体预发育的适宜光照强度、培育密度和发育程度,为配子体预发育技术应用于海带配子体育苗提供技术支撑。以雌配子体发育率、排卵率、精囊形成率为考察指标,确定海带配子体预发育的适宜光照强度和培育密度;以出苗率和出苗时间为考察指标,确定海带配子体预发育的适宜发育程度。结果发现,在温度(13±1)℃、培育密度10.0 g·L^(-1)时,海带配子体在37.5~62.5μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)光照条件下预发育速度显著快于25.0μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1);在(13±1)℃、光照强度37.5μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)时,海带配子体在5.0~10.0 g·L^(-1)密度下发育速度显著快于15.0~20.0 g·L^(-1)密度条件;在培育密度达到15.0 g·L^(-1)及以上时,海带配子体只有部分发育,其余部分进行丝状体生长。海带配子体在温度(13±1)℃、光照强度37.5μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)、培育密度10.0 g·L^(-1)条件下,预发育11~12 d后,进行出苗测试,培育5 d的出苗率达到96.0%以上,未进行预发育的配子体出苗测试9 d的出苗率为90.7%,预发育配子体比未预发育配子体提前4 d达到90.0%以上出苗率。试验结果表明,海带配子体预发育的适宜光照强度为37.5μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)、适宜培育密度为10.0 g·L^(-1)、适宜预发育时间为11~12 d。This study sought to investigate the optimum light intensity,cultivation density and the gametophyte advance development degree of Saccharina japonica,in order to provide technical support for gametophyte seedling.The suitable light intensity and cultivation density for the gametophyte advance development were determined by inspecting the female gametophyte development rate,ovulation rate and seminal vesicle formation rate.The suitable degree of gametophyte advance development was determined by inspecting the emergence rate and emergence time.It was found that the advance development speed of gametophyte under 37.5~62.5μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)was significantly faster than that under 25.0μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)in the condition of(13±1)℃and 10.0 g·L^(-1).The advance development speed of gametophyte in the density of 5.0~10.0 g·L^(-1)was significantly faster than that in the density of 15.0~20.0 g·L^(-1)in the condition of(13±1)℃and 37.5μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1),and only partial gametophyte developed,some gametophyte grew filament in the density of 15.0~20.0 g·L^(-1).The emergence test was carried out after the gametophyte was advance developed under the conditions of(13±1)℃,37.5μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)and 10.0 g·L^(-1).The emergence rate were over 96.0%after 5 days of cultivation when the gametophyte was advance developed for 11~12 d,while the emergence rate was 90.7%after 9 days of cultivation when the gametophyte was without advance developed,which was 4 days later than the advance developed gametophyte.As a result,the suitable condition of light intensity and cultivation density were 37.5μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)and 10.0 g·L^(-1)for gametophyte advance development of S.japonica,while the suitable advance development time was 11~12 d.

关 键 词：海带 配子体 预发育 光照强度 培育密度 出苗率 

分 类 号：S968.4[农业科学—水产养殖]