厚壁金属管料高速精密剪切新工艺及数值模拟  

New Method for High-speed Precise Shearing of Thick-walled Metal Tube and Numerical Simulation

作　　者：董渊哲 朱成成 孟德安 常鸣 赵升吨[3] DONG Yuan-zhe;ZHU Cheng-cheng;MENG De-an;CHANG Ming;ZHAO Sheng-dun(School of Construction Machinery,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China;School of Automobile,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学工程机械学院,西安710064 [2]长安大学汽车学院,西安710064 [3]西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2022年第7期36-43,共8页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52105398);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2022JQ–440,2021JQ–278);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102252105)。

摘　　要：目的 解决厚壁金属管料传统下料工艺过程中切断效率低、断面质量差等问题。方法 创新性地将管料表层批量预制环形槽、5~10m/s高速剪切、管料内壁芯轴支撑3种方式有机融合,提出高速精密剪切新工艺,建立厚壁42CrMo管料高速剪切断裂有限元模型,研究不同工艺方法对管料剪切断裂力学行为的影响。结果 提出的新工艺不仅显著提高了剪切效率,还有效约束了剪切过程中的管壁塌陷,得到的管料断面平整光滑,最大变形量由4.7 mm减小为0.6 mm;此外,最大剪切载荷有效降低了33.6%,剪切断裂能量显著降低了79.7%。结论 提出的新工艺具有高效、精密与低能耗的优势。The work aims to solve the problems of low efficiency and inferior section quality of thick-walled metal tube in the traditional cropping process. A new high-speed precise shearing method was proposed by integrating the technologies of prefabricating circumferential notches on tube surface, 5-10 m/s high-speed load, and punch support inside the tube. The finite element model of high-speed shearing was established for thick-walled 42CrMo tube, and the effects of different methods on the fracture behavior of tube were studied. The new method not only improved the shearing efficiency, but also effectively restricted the tube wall collapse during the shearing process. The cropped tube section was flat and smooth, and the maximum deformation was reduced from 4.7 mm to 0.6 mm along with the shearing direction. In addition, the maximum shear load was effectively reduced by 33.6%, and the fracture energy was reduced by 79.7%. The proposed method shows advantage of high efficiency and precision, and low energy consumption.

关 键 词：厚壁管料 精密剪切 高速 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG38[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]