大型热泵降膜式蒸发器中布液器的实验研究与设计  

Experimental Research and Design of Liquid Distributor in Falling Film Evaporator of Large Heat Pump

作　　者：马幸子 张斌 张宇 张欣 郭婉君 MA Xingzi;ZHANG Bin;ZHANG Yu;ZHANG Xin;GUO Wanjun(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Linyi University,Linyi,Shandong Province,276000 China)

机构地区：[1]临沂大学土木工程与建筑学院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《科技创新导报》2022年第9期42-46,50,共6页Science and Technology Innovation Herald

摘　　要：降膜式蒸发器以其独特的换热机理提高了机组的换热效率,同时,具有更小的体积、更低的成本及卓越的回油性能,特别适宜在大型热泵中应用。由于降膜式蒸发器的独特结构和内部传热传质的复杂性,关于各个热力参数对蒸发器传热性能的影响及它们之间的联系的研究尚处于初步阶段,而布液器是降膜式蒸发器的重要组成部件,其设计合理性对蒸发器的传热性能同样具有重要影响。本文针对重力型孔槽式布液器的特点,通过孔口出流实验,得到了流量系数与液体的物理性质和容器壁厚基本无关,而孔口的加工倒角可以增大流量系数的结论。根据实验结论,提出了一种布液器设计计算方法,并在设定工况下,进行了一个三层结构的重力型孔槽式布液器的设计计算,为降膜式蒸发器的研究和开发奠定了重要基础。Falling film evaporator improves the heat exchange efficiency of the unit with its unique heat exchange mechanism,and at the same time,with features of smaller volume,lower cost and excellent oil return performance,it is especially suitable for application in large-scale heat pump.Due to the unique structure of falling film evaporator and the complexity of internal heat and mass transfer,the research on the influence of various thermal parameters on the heat transfer performance of evaporator and the relationship between them is still in the preliminary stage.The liquid distributor is an important component of the falling film evaporator,and its design rationality also has an important impact on the heat transfer performance of the evaporator.According to the characteristics of gravity hole-channel distributor,through the orifice outlet experiment,it is concluded that the flow coefficient is basically independent of the physical properties of the liquid and the wall thickness of the container,but the chamfering of the orifice can increase the flow coefficient.According to the experimental results,a design and calculation method of liquid distributor is proposed,and the design and calculation of a three-layer gravity hole-channel liquid distributor is carried out under the set working conditions,which lays an important foundation for the research and development of falling film evaporator.

关 键 词：降膜式蒸发器 布液器 热泵 孔口出流 

分 类 号：TB65[一般工业技术—制冷工程]