城固出土5件商代青铜兽面饰的无损分析及初步研究  

Non-destructive analysis and preliminary research on five Shang Dynasty bronze beast-face decorations unearthed in Chenggu County

作　　者：付文斌 侯鲜婷 蒋凤瑞[2] 白璐 FU Wenbin;HOU Xianting;JIANG Fengrui;BAI Lu(Shaanxi History Museum,Xi’an 710061,China;Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西历史博物馆,陕西西安710061 [2]西北工业大学,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2022年第4期21-29,共9页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

摘　　要：为对陕西城固出土的青铜兽面饰的保护修复提供科学依据,同时进一步揭示其所蕴含的制作技术和相关考古学信息,采用X光探伤仪、超景深显微镜、X荧光能谱仪及显微共聚焦激光拉曼光谱仪对5件商代青铜兽面饰进行了无损分析,分析结果显示,2件为锡青铜,3件为铅锡青铜,兽面饰表面铜锈以孔雀石CuCO_(3)·Cu(OH)_(2)为主,局部见赤铁矿Fe_(2)O_(3)、纤铁矿γ-FeOOH和钙质层CaCO_(3)。分析结果为这组青铜兽面饰的保护修复提供了科学依据。根据检测结果,对兽面的铸造工艺、补铸痕迹、铜料配比、小孔的制作工艺等方面进行了讨论,并与殷墟及老牛坡出土同类型器物进行了类比,从而得出了这一地区兽面饰的工艺、风格与该地区铜器整体风格一致的结论,为从材料与工艺层面认知“城洋铜器群”提供了坚实的数据基础。In order to provide a scientific basis for the conservation and restoration of the bronze beast-face decorations unearthed in Chenggu County,Shaanxi Province,and to further reveal the production techniques and related archaeological information,five bronze beast-face decorations were analyzed,non-destructively,using X-ray inspection,hyper-depth-of-field microscopy,X-ray fluorescence(XRF)spectrometry and Raman spectrometry.The results show that two of them are tin bronze and the other three are lead-tin bronze.The corrosion objects on the surface of them are dominated by CuCO_(3)·Cu(OH)_(2),Fe_(2)O_(3),lepidocrociteγ-FeOOH and CaCO_(3)in some areas.In addition,their processes of casting,traces of re-casting,proportion of copper materials and the process of production of small holes are discussed.These bronze beast-face decorations are also compared with the same types of artifacts unearthed at Yin Ruins and Laoniupo.It is concluded that the craftsmanship and style of these bronze beast-face decorations are consistent with those of other bronzes in this area.This information provides a data basis for understanding the“Chengyang Bronze Group”from the perspective of materials and craftsmanship.

关 键 词：城洋铜器 青铜兽面饰 无损分析 形貌特征 城固 

分 类 号：K876.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]