山地草甸植被生物多样性及群落稳定性对坡向的响应  

Response of Vegetation Biodiversity and Community Stability of Mountain Meadow to Slope Aspect

作　　者：乔欢欢 李强[1] 何国兴 纪童 杨冬阳 文铜 关文昊 刘志刚 杨军银 柳小妮[1] QIAO Huan-huan;LI Qiang;HE Guo-xing;JI Tong;YANG Dong-yang;WEN Tong;GUAN Wen-hao;LIU Zhi-gang;YANG Jun-yin;LIU Xiao-ni(College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of the Ministry of Education,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草地学报》2022年第8期2173-2181,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省新一轮草原补奖效益评估及草原生态评价研究(XZ20191225);超低空微遥感技术在草原监测中的应用研究及推广示范(201647)资助。

摘　　要：为研究不同坡向山地草甸的植被生物多样性与群落稳定性差异,本研究选取了东祁连山金强河流域4个坡向(阴坡、半阴坡、半阳坡、阳坡)的山地草甸,进行植被特征的调查,并分析了其功能群组成、多样性指数和群落稳定性的变化规律。结果表明:物种的盖度、高度、地上生物量、植被含水率、土壤含水量和莎草科地上生物量从阴坡到阳坡呈递减的趋势,禾本科和豆科呈先升高后降低的趋势,杂类草呈递增的趋势;Godron稳定性结果表明,阳坡群落处于不稳定状态。同一群落多样性大小与其群落稳定性并不存在相关关系。综上,山地草甸不同坡向草地植被特征差异显著,坡向影响着草地生产力与群落稳定性。建议在草地管理中考虑不同坡向草地植被特征变化,采取灌溉、施肥和割草等抚育措施,使植被进行正向演替更新,提高山地草甸群落的生物多样性和群落稳定性,增加其生态系统服务能力。In order to explore the differences in vegetation biodiversity and stability of mountain meadows in different slope aspects,the four slope aspects(shady slope,semi-shady slope,semi-sun slope,and sunny slope)of mountain meadow plots in the Jinqiang River Basin of the Eastern Qilian Mountains were selected.The vegetation characteristics were investigated,and the changes of its functional group composition,diversity index and community stability were analyzed.The results show that species cover,height,above-ground biomass,water content of vegetation,soil water content and above-ground biomass of Salicaceae tended to decrease from shady to sunny slopes,Gramineae and Leguminosae tended to increase and then decrease,and miscellaneous grasses tended to increase;Godron′s stability results show that the sunny slope communities were in an unstable state.There is no correlation between the amount of diversity in the same community and its stability.In conclusion,the vegetation characteristics of meadows in mountain meadows differ significantly between slope aspects,and slope aspect affects the productivity and community stability of meadows.It is recommended that changes in vegetation characteristics of grassland with different slope aspects should be taken into account in grassland management,and that irrigation,fertilisation and mowing and other nurturing measures should be taken to regenerate the vegetation,improve the biodiversity and community stability of the mountain meadow community,and increase its ecosystem service capacity.

关 键 词：东祁连山 山地草甸 坡向 多样性 群落稳定性 

分 类 号：S812.3[农业科学—草业科学]