陕甘宁边区水土保持工作的探索与实践  

Exploration and Practice of Soil and Water Conservation in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region

作　　者：艾开开 Ai Kaikai

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院

出　　处：《农业考古》2022年第4期162-170,共9页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“传统向现代的转型:中国近现代日常生活研究”(项目编号:18JJD770001)。

摘　　要：20世纪三四十年代,中国科学界纷纷就水土保持理论进行阐述,推动着中国社会对水土保持的认知。陕甘宁边区具有现代农学知识的农业科技工作者,就边区水土流失及其治理进行论述宣传,促进了水土保持科学知识在边区的传播。随着大生产运动的逐渐深入,边区政府为实现农业改良增加粮食,通过组织起来的形式,领导农民进行简单性的水土保持工作,初步探索出“以政府为主导,民众互助合作”的水土保持模式。陕甘宁边区水土保持工作的地方实践,不仅对边区粮食增产具有积极作用,而且对中华人民共和国成立后陕北乃至整个黄土高原的水土保持工作产生了重要影响。In the 1930s and 1940s,the Chinese scientific community expounded the theory of soil and water conservation one after another,which promoted the understanding of soil and water conservation in Chinese society.Agricultural science and technology workers with modern agronomy knowledge in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area publicized soil erosion and its governance in the border area,advancing the dissemination of scientific knowledge of soil and water conservation in the border area.With the gradual deepening of the large-scale production movement,the government of the border area,in order to realize agricultural improvement and increase food,led farmers to carry out simple soil and water conservation work in the form of organization,and initially explored the soil and water conservation mode of"government-led,mutual assistance and cooperation among the people".The local practice of soil and water conservation work in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area not only had a positive effect on the increase of grain production in the border area,but also exerted an important impact on the soil and water conservation work in northern Shaanxi and even the entire Loess Plateau after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.

关 键 词：陕甘宁边区 水土保持 农业改良 互助合作 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]