LCA与汽车开发协同路径研究——以客车轻量化为例  

Research on Collaborative Path of LCA and Automobile Development:Taking Bus Lightweight Design as an Example

作　　者：丁振森 方海峰[1] 姚占辉[1] 王佳[1] 周怡博[1] DING Zhensen;FANG Haifeng;YAO Zhanhui;WANG Jia;ZHOU Yibo(China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司,天津300300

出　　处：《汽车工程学报》2022年第4期506-516,共11页Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发计划(2019YFE0100200):面向中美合作的纯电动力系统前沿技术联合研究;中汽中心重点课题(20220115):新能源汽车与智能电网、可再生能源融合发展路线图设计及验证;中汽中心指南课题(21233412):国家氢能及燃料电池汽车示范评价平台建设及应用;中汽中心软课题(20213103):基于多维度评价的燃料电池汽车财税政策体系研究及应用。

摘　　要：为探究汽车生态协同设计,将生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)与汽车产品开发相结合,提出串行开发和并行开发两种协同路径。以12 m纯电动客车底架的轻量化开发为例,研究了串行开发方案下客车底架轻量化对我国资源、能源和环境的影响。结果表明,与原客车底架相比,结构优化后客车底架质量减轻52.5 kg,且经校验轻量化后客车底架的刚度、强度及固有动态特性均满足要求;对于全生命周期而言,轻量化后其矿产资源消耗减少0.4×10^(-4)kg Sb eq.,化石能源消耗减少0.7×10^(4)MJ,综合环境影响值减少0.42×10^(-11,)降低比例分别为3.81%、4.46%和4.56%。未来将在本研究的基础上进行并行开发方案的协同探索,并对研究结果进行比较分析。For automotive ecosystem collaborative design,in this paper life cycle assessment(LCA)is combined with the automobile product development,and the two collaborative paths,i.e.the serial and the parallel developments are proposed.The paper studies the lightweight development of the 12 m pure electric bus underframe and the impact of which on China’s resources,energy and environment is analyzed under the serial development scheme.The results show that compared with the original bus underframe,the weight of the optimized one is reduced by 52.5 kg,and the stiffness,strength and inherent dynamic characteristics meet the requirements after the lightweight design.In the whole life cycle,the consumption of mineral resources,fossil energy and the comprehensive environmental impact value decreased by 0.4×10^(-4)kg Sb eq,0.7×10^(4)MJ and 0.42×10^(-11),respectively,corresponding to the reduction ratio of 3.81%,4.46%and 4.56%.The future work includes the collaborative design using the parallel development scheme,which will be compared with the serial development in the paper.

关 键 词：12 m纯电动客车底架 结构轻量化设计 生命周期评价 串行开发 节能减排 

分 类 号：U469.1[机械工程—车辆工程] X82[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]